施用堆肥對土壤中鎘吸附與水稻幼苗鎘累積和毒害之影響

Effects of Compost Amendment on Cd Adsorption in Soils and Cd Accumulation and Toxicity in Rice Seedlings

張斐婷(Fei-Ting Chang) ； 莊愷瑋(Kai-Wei Juang)

《作物、環境與生物資訊》 8卷1期 (2011/03) Pp. 28-38

https://doi.org/10.30061/CEB.201103.0003

摘要

土壤中鎘的吸附是影響鎘移動與植物有效性的重要因素，因此於污染土壤施用堆肥藉以增加對鎘的吸附，能降低植物對鎘的累積性與毒害反應，是一種以穩定化作用達到改良鎘污染土壤的重要技術。本研究以將軍系、平鎮系和太康系等三種臺灣農地土壤，利用等溫吸附試驗探討不同堆肥添加量對鎘吸附的影響，並以水稻幼苗試驗觀察含鎘土壤添加堆肥處理後，對水稻幼苗生長與植株鎘濃度的影響。結果顯示，施用堆肥處理能顯著提升將軍系、平鎮系和太康系三種供試土壤對鎘的吸附容量，尤以平鎮系最甚，5%的堆肥添加量相對控制組能提升鎘吸附容量達80%；然而，施用堆肥處理對鎘吸附強度的影響，則在將軍系和平鎮系表現減弱的趨勢，僅對太康系是有增強吸附強度的作用。再者，於三種土壤添加堆肥處理，皆能顯著降低植株對鎘的累積性，可能是施用堆肥提升吸附容量所致。而土壤鎘濃度與株高間的劑量反應曲線則顯示，施用堆肥處理減輕鎘毒害反應的作用與吸附強度有關。

關鍵字

化學的穩定化 ； 等溫吸附曲線 ； 生物累積性 ； 劑量－反應曲線 ； 水稻

並列摘要

Cadmium migration and phytoavailability would be governed by the adsorption of Cd in soil. Compost amendment could reduce Cd phyto-accumulation and -toxicity due to enhancing Cd adsorption on the solid phases. This is a reclamation technique based on chemical immobilization for Cd contaminated soils. In this study, three Taiwan agricultural soils, Chenchung, Pinchen, and Taikang series, were adopted for the Cd sorption experiment to assess the effect of compost amendment on Cd sorption. And, a pot experiment using paddy rice seedlings in the Cd-spiked soils with compost amendment was used to investigate plant growth responses and Cd concentrations in the plants. The results showed that compost amendment significantly enhanced the sorption capacities of Cd in the three soils. Especially, in Pinchen soil, 5% application rate of compost raised the Cd sorption capacity over 80% relative to the control. The positive effect on the Cd sorption intensity referred to compost amendment was observed in Taikang soil. But, compost amendment might reduce the Cd sorption intensity in Chengchung and Pinchen soils. Moreover, compost amendment significantly reduced Cd accumulation in paddy rice seedlings due to increase of Cd sorption capacity of soil. The dose-response curves of soil Cd content and plant height also showed that reduction of Cd toxicity during compost amendment was related to Cd sorption intensity of soil.

並列關鍵字

Chemical immobilization ； Adsorption isotherm ； Bioaccumulation ； Dose-response curve ； Rice Oryza sativa L.