自然資源投資與資源管理決策之回顧

Review on Investment and Management of Renewable and Non-Renewable Natural Resources

柳婉郁(Wen-Yu Liu)

《作物、環境與生物資訊》 8卷1期 (2011/03) Pp. 75-86

https://doi.org/10.30061/CEB.201103.0007

摘要

關於不確定情況下自然資源管理與投資之相關文獻由來已久，剛開始是將自然資源當作一般投入要素放入生產函數中，進而討論投資之靜態一階條件，接著延伸至動態一階條件，得到最適路徑之解。許多學者討論最適資本存量決策、投資決策與最適開採率之決定。傳統的經濟理論大多建立在經濟環境具確定性的假設中，但真實的世界中，經濟主體除受確定因素之影響外，也受外在不確定因素的影響，因此，不確定性所造成之差異進一步受到學者的重視。最先引入不確定性而加以探討之相關領域為市場價格的不確定性與需求的不確定性，爾後漸有學者認為要素投入之不確定，對生產決策之影響並不亞於市場價格及需求的不確定性，而生產者之風險態度更會影響廠商之要素需求行為，因此學者們並進一步探討生產面之不確定性所造成之影響。不確定因素除了產出價格不確定、投入價格不確定外，亦包括非再生資源總數不確定、再生資源之生物量總數等之應用延伸，現在的自然資源投資之相關經濟理論已發展至非常成熟的階段。本文主要目的為對過去自然資源投資理論演變進行文獻之回顧，期能提供未來後續學者相關研究之參考。

關鍵字

自然資源 ； 投資生產 ； 不確定性

並列摘要

Studies on the uncertainty and investment of natural resources have a long history. In the beginning, most studies put natural resources as input elements into general production function, then discussed the static first-order condition, and then extended to the dynamic first-order condition to get the optimal path. Many studies discussed the decision-making of optimal capital stock, investment and optimal exploitation rate of natural resources. Most of the traditional economic theory was built on the assumption of certainty, yet the main economic factors are determined by external uncertainties in the real world. The issue about the differences caused by the uncertainty was further attracted to the scholars. The uncertainty of market price and demand theory was studied first, followed by the uncertainty of factor inputs which played an important role in the decision-making on production. In addition to the output prices uncertainty, input price uncertainty and the total non-renewable resources have also been developed. The main purpose of this study was to review and analyze the related information in the past literature concerning the production and investment of natural resources under the circumstance of uncertainty in order to provide useful reference for future study.

並列關鍵字

Natural resources ； Investment and production ； Uncertainty