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摘要


單套型是指在一條染色體上連結幾個相鄰核苷酸(nucleotide)所組合而成的序列。在遺傳關聯性研究中,經常想要探索單套型對調查性狀之影響。然而,因為兩條同源染色體的單套型無法被正確地分辨,僅能獲得所謂的混淆基因型資料(unphased genotype data)。另一方面,一些調查性狀經常不具有常態分布的特性,而呈現出偏斜非對稱的分配,此時以傳統平均數模式來衡量單套型的效果並不合適。基於此,本研究針對混淆基因型資料,考慮以分位數迴歸模式(quantile regression model)來配適單套型對觀察性狀之影響,發展迴歸係數的估計方程式,並利用重抽程序來估計標準誤,進而建立信賴區間並可從事假設檢定。最後,透過一些模擬研究來瞭解所建議之方法。

並列摘要


A haplotype is a specific sequence of closely linked single nucleotide polymorphism alleles on a single chromosome. Genetic association studies usually explore the effect of the haplotype on the observed phenotype. However, only unphased genotype data can be obtained because the combination of the two homologous haplotypes cannot be distinguished. On the other hand, the observed phenotype has a skewed distribution which violates the assumption of the normal distribution. Those traditional mean-based models may not be adaptive when assessing the effect of the haplotype. For unphased genotype data, this study uses the quantile regression model for the effects of haplotypes on the observed phenotype, develops the estimating equation for regression coefficients, and estimates the standard errors based on the resampling procedure to construct confidence intervals and perform hypothesis tests. Finally, some simulation studies are presented to illustrate the proposed methods.

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