透過田間智能水位感測管理水稻灌溉用水量及稻株生理性狀與產量變化探討

Management of Paddy Field Irrigation Using Intelligent Water-level Monitoring Devices and Examining Corresponding Changes in Physiological Characteristics and Yield in Rice

吳郁嫻(Yu-Sian Wu) ； 許奕婷(Yi-Ting Hsu) ； 陳忠澤(Chung-Tse Chen) ； 吳佩真(Pei-Jhen Wu) ； 吳東鴻(Dong-Hong Wu) ； 賴明信(Ming-Hsin Lai) ； 郭寶錚(Bo-Jein Kuo) ； 陳宗禮(Chung-Li Chen) ； 楊靜瑩(Chin-Ying Yang)

《作物、環境與生物資訊》 16卷2期 (2019/06) Pp. 87-97

https://doi.org/10.30061/CEB.201906_16(2).0003

摘要

田間智能感測器之應用為智慧農業發展重要趨勢之一，利用無線網路傳輸及物聯網技術，可望緩解農村人力短缺之困境與提高田間作業之效能。將感測器所接收之資料傳輸至雲端中，田間管理者可即時且快速地蒐集作物生長數據與環境資料並進行有效率之管理及決策。水稻於慣行栽培時常需集約使用大量水資源，然而近年來因氣候變遷導致水資源分配不均或汛期漂移，因此提高水資源之調配利用效益成為當前水稻栽培管理之重要議題。本試驗運用智能水位監測器即時蒐集水稻田間各生育期間之水位變化，於水稻全生育期分別進行慣行與乾溼交替之灌溉管理模式，並透過物聯網方式將數據彙整至雲端，而田間管理者可藉由手機或電腦即時獲得田間水位變化資訊。由試驗結果顯示，使用智能感測器進行乾溼交替之水分管理，較現行慣行栽培方式可有效節省總灌溉用水量，分別為30.9%及49.8%。且於乾溼交替之水分管理模式下不影響水稻發育之生理性狀，例如株高、葉齡、葉色以及最終之產量報告。進一步整合田間環境資料與植株生理性狀結果顯示，環境中之積溫或輻射量與植株生理性狀中之株高、葉齡、植冠、葉面積具高度正相關，可供作為水稻生產過程精準管理之用。綜合本試驗之結果，田間智能水位感測器應用於稻作進行乾溼交替水分管理，將可達有效節省水資源，並使稻作產業朝智慧化生產管理邁進。

關鍵字

水稻 ； 智慧農業 ； 田間智能感測器 ； 水分管理 ； 乾溼交替栽培

並列摘要

In intelligent agriculture technology, the application of intelligent field sensors is a crucial development trend. When used in conjunction with wireless network transmission and Internet of things (IoT) technologies, intelligent field sensors can resolve manpower shortage problems in farm villages as well as improve the efficiency of field operations. By sending the data received by sensors to cloud storage, field managers can collect instantaneous crop-growth data and environmental information; subsequently, these data can be used as a basis for performing efficient management and decision-making. Conventional cultivation of paddy fields typically consumes a large amount of water resources. However, climate change has resulted in a shortage of water resources, causing their effective utilization to become a critical concern in paddy cultivation management. Our results showed that the usage of intelligent sensors for water management of alternate wetting and drying irrigation can effectively save the total irrigation water consumption for 30.9% and 49.8%, respectively, which was compared with the conventional irrigation management. In addition, the physiological characteristics (e.g., plant height, leaf age, and leaf color) in rice and yields were not affected under alternate wetting and drying irrigation management condition. Furthermore, the field environmental information was integrated to analyze the correlation between physiological characteristics in rice and environmental factors. The results showed significant positive correlation between plant height, leaf age, plant canopy, and leaf area in physiological characteristics and growing degree days and radiation in environmental factors. Taken together, we can achieve water resource conservation by used intelligent water-level monitoring devices and advance toward intelligent production management.

並列關鍵字

Rice ； Intelligent agriculture ； Intelligent field sensors ； Water management ； Alternate wetting and drying planting