利用無人機飛行載具輔助分析水稻嘉大臺南2號和臺南11號在不同氮肥用量下之產量、米質與多光譜影像之關係

Using UAV to Assist Analyzing the Relationship of Yield, Quality and Multi-spectrum Image under Different Nitrogen Application in Rice, Cv. TN11 and NCYU-TN2

曾鈺茜(Yu-Chien Tseng) ； 吳俊毅(Chun-Yi Wu) ； 劉祐廷(Yu-Ting Liu) ； 陳榮坤(Rong-Kuen Chen) ； 黃文理(Wen-Lii Huang)

《作物、環境與生物資訊》 17卷4期 (2020/12) Pp. 187-200

https://doi.org/10.30061/CEB.202012_17(4).0004

摘要

本試驗選取水稻嘉大臺南2號和臺南11號兩品種，四個不同氮肥施用等級，在不同生育階段進行地面農藝性狀與產量性狀調查，各時期並配合無人機載具搭配多光譜鏡頭進行航拍影像分析，全生育期共進行11次的調查，以建立影像分析資訊與水稻相關農藝性狀及產量和品質之關聯性。結果顯示，利用無人機航拍分析所得到的NDVI和NDRE數值與產量的相關係數較高，且在嘉大臺南2號結果分析上，在穗肥施用前就可得到0.83的相關性，且可持續40-50天的高關聯性。但無人機航拍的預估上各品種有差異，推測和各品種的外表性狀和產量有關。產量分析上，雖兩品種在產量構成要素無顯著差異，但臺南11號有較佳的產量，但在高氮肥下，和嘉大臺南2號無顯著差異。另外，在高溫條件下，嘉大臺南2號有較高的完整米率，在高氮肥施用下，有較少的白堊質生成和較佳的味度。但其他品質數據分析比較上，雖然趨勢為嘉大臺南2號較佳，但統計上並無顯著差異。在航拍預測品質上，亦無明顯相關性。

關鍵字

無人機 ； 多光譜 ； 產量 ； 品質 ； 氮肥 ； 臺南11號 ； 嘉大臺南2號

並列摘要

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the most important crops in the world. The phenotyping in rice is very time-consuming and this experiment focused on comparing traditional phenotyping methods and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) investigation method on different time points and to observe if these methods could be correlated with rice yield and quality. On this study, the experiment included four nitrogen treatments and two rice cultivars (TN11 and NCYU-TN2). It is a factorial spilt-block design. Under eleven investigations, traditional phenotyping and UAV data with multi-spectrum information were evaluated. After harvest, yield, yield components and quality-related characteristic were recorded. The results showed the UAV results (NDVI, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index and NDRE, Normalized Difference Red Edge Index) showed better correlation with yield. On NCYU-TN2, before spraying the top-dressing for panicles, the correlation can be as high as 0.83 and lasting for 40-50 days. However, UAV evaluation method is variety-dependent and the reason might be due to the differences of phenotypes and yield among varieties. Although the yield components were not significantly different between two varieties, TN11 showed better yield than NCYU-TN2, but under high nitrogen condition, two varieties were no significantly difference. On high temperature, NCYU-TN2 had better total milled rice and under high nitrogen condition, it had less chalky rice and better palatability. On other quality data, although the trends showed NCYU-TN2 were better, the difference was not significant and there is no correlation between UAV data and quality.

並列關鍵字

Rice ； UAV ； Multi-spectrum ； Nitrogen application ； Variety ； Yield traits