從優選理論探討徽語鼻化小稱的歷時演變

Diachronic Change of the Nasalized Diminutives in the Hui Dialects: An Optimality-Theoretical Perspective

鄭明中(Ming-Chung Chen)

《華語文教學研究》 8卷1期 (2011/04) Pp. 1-26

https://doi.org/10.6393/JCLT.201104.0001

摘要

本文在優選理論的架構下探討徽語鼻化小稱的歷時演變。本文首先回顧徽語鼻化小稱的研究現況，緊接著介紹本文的理論架構－優選理論。研究顯示，徽語鼻化小稱的共時變異是透過一組共同制約(*V(上標 nasal), *V(上標 oral)N, MAX-IO-μ, MAX-BD, DEP-BD, MAX[nas], ANCHOR-BD(L), INTEGRIT-BD)的不同排序而產生的。此外，在所有制約當中，INTEGRIT-BD與DEP-BD的地位特別重要，這兩個制約的排序層級由低向高移動，一方面解釋了徽語鼻化小稱的歷時演變動機，另一方面更直接支持了「輸出－輸出對應」的核心概念。

關鍵字

徽語 ； 小稱 ； 鼻化 ； 優選理論 ； 歷時 ； 對應

並列摘要

This study explores the diachronic change of the nasalized diminutives in Hui under optimality theory (OT). The general background of the Hui nasalized diminutives is first reviewed, and then OT is applied to these nasalized diminutives. This study shows that different diachronic stages of the nasalized diminutives in Hui result from reranking the same set of constraints (*V(superscript nasal), *V(superscript oral), N MAX-IO-μ, MAX-BD, DEP-BD, MAX[nas], ANCHOR-BD(L), INTEGRITY-BD). Furthermore, INTEGRITY-BD and DEP-BD are by far the most significant among all constraints. The change of their rankings accounts for the motivation of the diachronic change in the Hui nasalized diminutives.

並列關鍵字

Hui ； diminutive ； nasalized ； optimality theory ； diachrony ； correspondence

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