In this research, the acoustic features of Mandarin vowels /a, ə, i/ followed by nasal coda /n, ŋ/ pronounced by Japanese Learners of Mandarin (JLM) and Chinese Native Mandarin speakers (CNM) are compared. Acoustic measurements of interest include duration, formant trajectories and degrees of nasalization. The most pronounced differences are (1) JLM did not shift the non-high vowels along with the nasal coda, whereas, CNM demonstrated a significant anticipatory coarticulation between non-high vowels and the nasal coda (for example, [a]n vs. [ɑ]ŋ); (2) JLM did not apply the moraic nasal assimilation of Japanese to the pronunciation of Mandarin final nasal; (3) the relative duration of nasal codas pronounced by JLM is longer, indicating the rhythmic influence of Japanese (mora-timed language) on the pronunciation of Mandarin (syllable-timed language). The findings elucidate the JLM pronunciation of Mandarin vowels with nasal codas in a quantitative manner, which can be of use to Japanese learners of Mandarin and teachers alike.