The Free-floating Postmodern Phenomenon: A Case Study of Michel Foucault

虛無飄渺的後現代現象：以傅柯為例

謝國斌(Kuo-Pin Hsieh)

《人文集刊》 3期 (2005/04) Pp. 97-117

https://doi.org/10.29470/JH.200504.0006

摘要

多數英美學者認為後現代以意義的解構或飄渺的表意（free-floating representation）為主要特色（Gottdiener，1995：3）。後現代之所以飄渺與人們以傳統的二分法概念及線性思考等現代主義邏輯來詮釋後現代有關，本文旨在藉由探索傅柯（Michel Foucault）的思想來闡釋這個現象。在傳統的邏輯裡，人們習慣以二分法來劃分敵我、歸類學派，此論點可見於傅柯的權力／知識論述當中；現代主義也習慣以預設結論之結構化理論來解釋社會現象，馬克思主義是重要的代表。但傅柯等後現代主義者反對用預設結論的理論架構來解釋社會現象，而反結構化的系譜學是他們駁斥結構主義並探求真相的方法。

關鍵字

後現代現象 ； 傅柯 ； 標籤政治 ； 反結構主義 ； 權力／知識 ； 系譜學

並列摘要

Postmodernism as depicted by academic practitioners in the United States and the UK is almost exclusively about deconstructionism and the free-floating representation (Gottdiener, 1995: 3). The exploration of Michel Foucault's thoughts can be utilized to expound the ”free-floating postmodern phenomenon.” In the very beginning of the paper, the fact that Foucault was free-floatingly labeled into various names is discussed. This practice of labeling politics can be explained by Foucault's argument on power/knowledge. However, the reason why Foucault was placed on the different locations of a political chessboard can be primarily traced from his anti-structuralism methodology-genealogy. Methodological structuralists explain social phenomena by pre-established theoretical frameworks, but genealogists are opposed to any kinds of structuralistic theories and use free-floating and flexible strategy to seek the ”beginning” of things. Since genealogy fights against all structuralistic theories, it is not surprising to see an important genealogist like Foucault being placed in various locations of ideological spectrum under the circumstance of labeling politics.

並列關鍵字

postmodernism ； free-floating representation ； Michel Foucault ； power/knowledge ； labeling politics ； genealogy