歐陽修「以文為四六」探析

A Study on Ou Yang Xiu's ''Yi Wen We Si Liu"

鄭芳祥(Fang-Xiang Zheng)

《人文集刊》 4期 (2006/04) Pp. 161-194

https://doi.org/10.29470/JH.200604.0007

摘要

本文旨在探討，宋代學者反省歐陽修駢文時，觀察出那些歐文獨具之特色？這些特色，又在歐陽修駢文中如何體現？經研究後發現，歐陽修在科舉及第之後，採「以文為四六」的方式革新西崑時文。此即為歐陽修期駢之特色所在。而其具體作法有三，分別是寫作長句、少用典故、以駢敘事。本文進一步認為，又以後兩者在歐陽修駢文中的表現較為明顯，應是宋人區分歐陽修駢文有別於傳統的主要特徵。融會不同文體的「破體為文」寫作方式，實處在遵守與突破規範兩者之間。歐陽修作品，因符合「整」、「儷」、「諧」的規範，故可稱之為駢文。與此同時，歐陽修亦在「整」、「儷」兩方面求有所突破，因而成就「以文為四六」的寫作方式。

關鍵字

歐陽修 ； 以文為四六 ； 散文 ； 駢文

並列摘要

This text is the summary of my research on scholars in Song Dynasty whose reflection on Ou Yang Xiu's (歐陽修)”Pian Wen” (駢文), and the time when this literature was written, what kind of unique characteristics did Ou Yang's ”Pian Wen” have? How these characteristics appear in ”Pian Wen”? My research has showed that after Ou-Yang passed the imperial examination, he changed the ”Xi Kun Shi Wen” (西崑時文). He did this by using ”Yi Wen We Si Liu” (以文為四六). The use of this method is the main characteristic in ”Pian Wen”. The concrete method can be divided into three kinds: 1.long sentences 2.less use of literary allusion 3.to narrate by using ”Pian Wen”. My research considers method number two and three to be more important. As a result of this, Ou-Yang's ”Pian Wen” can be separated from traditional ”Pian Wen”. ”Po Ti We Wen” (破體為文) is a way of integrating different literary styles. This method sometimes sticks to literature rules of writing, sometimes not. Because Ou-Yang's follows the ”Zherlg” (整), ”Li” (儷), ”Xie” (諧) rules, it can be categorized as ”Pian Wen”. On the other hand, when it doesn't stick to the ”Zheng”, ”Li” rules, we can call it ”Yi Wen We Si Liu”.

並列關鍵字

Ou Yang Xiu ； Yi Wen We Si Liu ； prose ； Pian Wen