“孟子性善論”的證明

人性善惡的問題，關係著聖賢的道德學能否建立，它是中國哲學中一個重要的範疇；而孟子又是人性論第一期的提出者，也是中國哲學史上第一位主張人性爲善的哲人；所以對於孟子的「性善論」有公要加以考究；本人已有〈孟子性善論解析〉探討「孟子性善論」的意涵，本文則進一步檢視孟子對「性善論」的論證是否爲有效；若孟子的論證並非有效，則進一步探討是否可建構有效的「孟子性善論」論證，以及這樣一個論證的內涵及證明過程當爲如何？基於以上的條理，本文訂綱要爲：一、前言（說明本文寫作動機、定位、及預期成果）。二、「孟子性善論」內涵與證明之路。三、孟子對「性善論」所提出的論證。四、孟子所提「性善論」論證之檢討。五、嘗試建構「孟子性善論」的邏輯論證。六、結論。

關鍵字

性善論；孟子性善論；性善論證明

並列摘要

The goodness and evilness of human nature are associated with the establishment of the sages' moral philosophy. The issue is the significant field of Chinese philosophy. Mencius was the pioneer of the theory of human nature at the first stage. He was also the first philosopher to claim the goodness of human nature in the history of Chinese philosophy. Therefore, it is worthwhile to explore ”Meng-tze's Shing Shan Lun”. My work Analysis on ”Meng-tze's Shing Shan Lun” has already studied the significance of ”Meng-tze's Shing Shan Lun”. This article will further examine Mencius' demonstration with regard to ”Shing Shan Lun”. If Mencius' demonstration is not efficient, the study will further explore the possible means to establish efficient demonstration of ”Meng-tze's Shing Shan Lun” and the significance and process of proofing of the said demonstration. Based upon the above thoughts, this article will develop the outline as follows: 一、Introduction (the elaboration of the motive, position and expected achievement of this article) 二、Significance and evidence with respect to ”Meng-tze's Shing Shan Lun”. 三、Mencius' demonstration with regard to ”Shing Shan Lun”. 四、Review of Mencius' demonstration of ”Shing Shan Lun”. 五、Attempting to construct the logic demonstration of ”Meng-tze's Shing Shan Lun”. 六、Conclusion.