二十世紀初中國毀家廢婚的思想初探

The Analysis of the Thought on Abolishing Family and Marriage in China in Early 20th Century

陳慧文(Hui-Wen Chen)

《立德學報》 5卷1期 (2007/12) Pp. 114-128

https://doi.org/10.7080/JLU.200712.0114

摘要

傳統中國社會以父系家族爲基礎，然而晚清受西力衝擊，有識之士極思變法圖強，傳統宗法社會中的家族制度，成爲省思議題之一，有論者主張改良大家族制、代之以小家庭制，甚至有論者主張根本廢除家庭和婚姻制度。在無政府主義傳入中國以前，儒學基進主義者說提出了「去家」（康有爲）、「無所謂家」（譚嗣同）的主張，由他們的論述觀之，佛法的「出家」已爲去家、廢婚提供了思想準備，他們並將儒家思想的「仁」混雜了社會主義或個人主義的精神，使儒家思想得以承載毀家廢婚的新觀念。而中國人對無政府主義和毀家廢婚論的接受，其實道家崇尚自然、反對人爲的思想已爲其鋪路。與此同時傳入中國的自由主義和女權思想，也成爲毀家廢婚者援用的思想武器之一。

關鍵字

晚清 ； 毀家廢婚 ； 家庭 ； 婚姻 ； 無政府主義

並列摘要

Traditional Chinese society is composed by the paternal clans which formed by social experience and Confucianist philosophy. However, affected by the west's aggression and culture in late Qing, the men with insight attended to initiate political reform to make China rich and build up its military power, and the clan system of traditional patriarchal society became one of subjects to reflect. Some people supported to improve the big clan system to be the small family system, and some spoke in favor of abolishing the family and marriage system. Chinese who advocated destroying the family and marriage were not only influenced by Anarchism, but also affected by Confucianism, Buddhism, Taoism, Socialism, Liberalism and Feminism.

並列關鍵字

Late Qing ； Family ； Marriage ； Anarchism