高齡者參與志願服務與成功老化之研究

The Study of Participating Volunteer Service and Successful Aging of Older Adult

林麗惠(Li-Hui Lin)

《生死學研究》 4期 (2006/07) Pp. 1-36

https://doi.org/10.29844/JLDS.200607.0001

摘要

志願服務在現代民主社會中，是一種極其普遍的社會服務活動。1997年11月聯合國大會決議，正式宣布西元2001年為國際志工年，以鼓勵更多全球性的民眾從事志願服務工作；我國亦在2001年1月4日通過「志願服務法」，讓有心參與志願服務工作的人士得以在最大的保障及鼓勵下為社會付出。
本研究採用質性研究法中的深度訪談法，訪談對象採滾雪球抽樣方式進行，將高齡者界定為年滿65歲，且有參與志願服務之長者。研究中以半結構式的深度訪談來蒐集資料，旨在探討高齡者參與志願服務的情形、對於如何達到成功老化之看法，以及參與志願服務與成功老化之關係。
訪談資料經分析之後，獲致以下四項結論：
一、高齡者參與志願服務的類別相當多元。
二、高齡者參與志願服務的收穫，強調獲得心靈滿足與精神快樂。
三、高齡者對於如何達到成功老化的看法，特別強調健康層面之重要性。
四、高齡者藉由志願服務的參與，有助於彰顯晚年生活的意義與價值，進而協助其邁向成功老化。
根據研究結論，提出四項建議：
一、與宗教團體共同宣導，鼓勵高齡者投入志願服務行列。
二、體認健康層面的重要性，積極參與各類社會活動。
三、善加運用退休人力，籌組多元化的志工組織。
四、提倡年輕老人服務年老老人之觀念。

並列摘要

The volunteer service is becoming very prevalent over the world. The International Year of Volunteer was announced by the United Nations in 2001 to encourage volunteerism over the world. Our government has announced the Law of Volunteer Service also in 2001.
The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between participating volunteer service and successful aging of older adult. The sample is selected by snowball sample, consisted of 8 older adult who participate volunteer service. Data is collected by semi-structure in- depth interview, after coding and analysis, yielded the following results:
1. Older adult participate various kinds of volunteer service.
2. The gain of participating volunteer service focus on mind and spiritual.
3. Among the determinants of successful aging, health dimension is foremost.
4. To participate volunteer service can foster the successful aging of older adult. According to results, this research proposed following suggestions:
1. To cooperating with religious organization, and encourage older adult to participate volunteer service.
2. To recognizing the importance of health and participating social activities actively.
3. To recruiting retired senior, and to form various kind of volunteer service organizations.
4. To promoting the concept of younger older service elder older adult.