產科護理人員對愛滋病毒篩檢孕婦之照護的知識

Knowledge of Maternity Nurses in the care of Pregnant Women with HIV Screening

蘇燦煑(Tsann-Jun Su)

《亞東學報》 28_S期 (2008/12) Pp. 65-74

https://doi.org/10.30167/JOIT.200812.0008

摘要

爲了防止母子垂直感染愛滋病毒(HIV)，孕婦接受HIV篩檢及後續照護，是當今重要的議題。本研究目的爲探討產科護理人員對HIV篩檢孕婦之照護的知識及其相關影響因素。 本研究採調查法，研究對象爲參與台灣周產期醫學會2005年度產科護理人員再教育研討會之護理人員，經其同意參與本研究，發出問卷105份，回收有效問卷74份，有效回收率70%。研究工具爲自擬結構式問卷，內容包括一般HIV感染的途徑、母子垂直感染HIV、醫療政策、照護措施等四個向度，共32題，由0（非常不了解）到10（非常了解）自我評量認知程度。資料以SPSS11.0版/for widows分析。 結果顯示知識較低的部份包括：(1)母子垂直感染HIV之途徑、HIV(+)孕婦之產科合併症與孕婦及新生兒藥物之使用，(2)HIV篩檢的時間，與(3)HIV檢測後之諮詢。教育程度及制定照護指引爲相關影響因素。結論：產科護理人員的再教育應加強母子垂直感染HIV、HIV篩檢及諮詢，並於工作單位制定照護指引。

關鍵字

愛滋病毒 ； 孕婦愛滋病毒篩檢 ； 愛滋病毒感染之孕婦 ； 母子垂直感染愛滋病毒

並列摘要

HIV screening and the follow up care for pregnant women are important issues in preventing mother-to-child (MTC) transmission of HIV. The purpose of this study was to explore the knowledge of the nurses and the related factors in the care of pregnant women with HIV screening.
Using a survey, 74 subjects were recruited from the maternity care nurses who attended the 2005 Congress of the Taiwan Society of Perinatology which was held for the continuing education of the nurses. All subjects completed the structured questionnaire that included: routes of HIV transmission, MTC transmission of HIV, medical policies, and nursing care. The questionnaire consisted of 32 items, each item having a ten-point scale. The lower the scores, the lower the knowledge level of the nurses.
The results showed that the knowledge of the nurses in the lower level included: (1) routes of MTC transmission of HIV, complications due to HIV in mother and fetus, and the drug therapy given the mother to prevent MTC transmission of HIV and to the child after birth, (2) medical schedule of HIV screening and (3) counseling of pregnant women after HIV testing. The educational level of the nurses and the presence or absence guideline in the workplace were the related factors affecting the knowledge level of the nurses. We suggested that the continuing education of maternity care nurses focus on MTC transmission, HIV screening, counseling and workplace guidelines.

並列關鍵字

HIV ； HIV screening for pregnant women ； HIV positive pregnant women ； mother-to-child transmission of HIV

參考文獻

王曼溪(1993)。愛滋病的護理原則。護理雜誌。40(1)，74-78。

HIV/AIDS統計月報表

巫沛瑩、孫幸筠、胡賦強、羅一鈞、劉玟君、吳政信、洪健清、張上淳(2008)。愛滋病病毒匿明篩檢陽性及重複篩檢的相關因子。台灣醫學。12(5)，513-524。

周怡宏(2003)。胎兒及新生兒的愛滋病毒感染。中華民國新生兒科醫學會會刊。12(1)，1-3。

張耀雄(1993)。我國愛滋病防治現況及展望。護理雜誌。40(4)，16-19。