青少女高身心症狀抱怨、生活適應與執行功能之關聯探討

The Relationship Between Subjective Health Complaints, Life Adjustment With Executive Function Among Adolescent Girls

李婕寧(Chieh-Ning Lee) ； 許立港(Li-Kang Hsu) ； 郭乃文(Nai-Wen Guo)

《臨床心理學刊》 12卷1/2期 (2018/12) Pp. 1-14

https://doi.org/10.6550/ACP.201812_12(1_2).0001

摘要

目的：高中青少女的主觀身心症狀抱怨（subjective health complaints, SHC）尤需關注，證據指出執行功能（executive function, EF）的影響。本研究希冀以呈現高中青少女群體之特性，提供明確介入方向。方法：分析台南市某高中104～106學年度身心篩檢資料，共2,311筆樣本，並以三級預防分級進行分組分析。指標由身心健康狀態、生活適應及執行功能三類問卷得到，前兩者代表身心適應表現。結果：多項身心健康狀態指標、所有生活適應指標皆與執行功能呈相關。二級群體的「資源自評」、「幸福感」、「執行功能總分」、「動機與計畫」及「情緒調控」表現最差。結論：高中青少女執行功能與身心適應顯著相關，有積極介入之必要。相對三級，二級群體身心適應應更與因應行為相關，建議未來以訓練執行功能改善。

關鍵字

主觀身心症狀抱怨 ； 身心症狀抱怨 ； 執行功能

並列摘要

Objective: Subjective health complaints (SHC) is commonly seen in the general population. It has already been known that adolescent girls at senior high schools are high-risk group of SHC. Evidence showed that executive function, which is regarded as the center of high-order regulation of behavior, may have the impact on problems caused by inappropriate coping behaviors and health complaints. However, lack of study provides direct evidence of the impacts of executive function on the improvement of SHC in adolescent girls. Therefore, the present study aims to investigate the relationship between SHC, life adjustment, and executive function and to provide practical ways for further intervention for adolescent girls. Methods: Recording data of 2,311 adolescent girls was obtained by the yearly screening of a senior high school in Tainan city collected from 2015 to 2017. All subjects were classified into three levels based on school guidelines of primary, secondary, and tertiary preventions. Health status, life adjustment, and the executive function of adolescent girls were evaluated. Pearson correlation, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and posthoc comparison were used to analyze and compare multiple groups. Results: Multiple indicators of physical and mental health and life adjustment were shown highly correlated with executive functions indicators, including ＂motivation and planning,＂ ＂emotional regulation,＂ ＂self-consciousness,＂ and ＂self-efficacy.＂ However, ＂the frequency of seeing doctors＂ merely showed the significant correlation with ＂self-efficacy,＂ rather than other indicators. The one-way ANOVA results indicated that there are significant differences among girls of different levels in their ＂person/social support,＂ ＂well-being,＂ ＂executive function,＂ ＂motivation and planning,＂ and ＂emotion regulation.＂ The analysis of post-hoc suggested that the overall performance of the second prevention group is the worst. Conclusion: The executive function is highly correlated with the life adjustment in adolescent girls at senior high schools, suggesting further intervention is required. In comparison to the third group, the second group performed worse abilities of the coping behaviors. Conclusively, executive function training is recommended for second group of adolescent girls for the improvement of SHC.

並列關鍵字

subjective health complaints ； psychosomatic symptoms ； executive function

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