乾嘉以來崑劇折子戲、全本戲演出情況

陸萼庭《崑劇演出史稿》是戲曲學者必讀之書，尤其〈折子戲的光芒〉一章寫得很精彩，幾乎是當代論崑劇折子戲的文章所必引用。但由於陸氏過度地譽揚折子戲，讓後學者以為乾嘉以來的崑曲劇壇是折子戲「光芒」四射，而全本戲是黯然無光了。陸氏後來在《崑劇演出史稿》修訂本中增加了〈全本戲的新貌〉一節，並撰寫〈清代全本戲演出述論〉，試圖喚回後學者對清代全本戲演出的關注，但似乎影響不大。本文第二章簡述陸氏對全本戲演出的述論，並引述陸萼庭、周傳瑛、桑毓喜三人的「劇目志」，以證乾嘉以來兩百年的崑壇並未冷落全本戲。戲曲研究者，包括陸萼庭，論述崑劇，都聚焦於「正崑」，忽略「草崑」。本文第三章論述各地的「草崑」都是以演全本戲為主，少演折子戲。乾嘉以來兩百年的崑劇舞臺，折子戲固然有其光芒，全本戲卻照亮更廣闊的劇壇！

關鍵字

崑劇；折子戲；全本戲；正崑；草崑

並列摘要

History of Kunqu Performance by E Ting Lu（陸萼庭） is a must-read for scholars of Chinese opera. The chapter ＂The Light of Excerpts from Kunqu＂ is especially brilliant and is cited by almost all contemporary papers on Kunqu excerpts. However, due to Lu's excessive praise of the Kunqu excerpts, later scholars believe that the ＂light of Kunqu＂ is all about excerpts from Kunqu, instead of whole Kunqu drama. Later, in the revised edition of the book, Lu added a new chapter ＂The New Looks of Whole Kunqu Drama,＂ and he also wrote Whole Kunqu Drama in the Qing Dynasty, trying to arouse scholarly attention to whole Kunqu drama. It seems to have little impact. In order to prove that whole Kunqu drama has not been ignored for two centuries since the Qianlong and Jiaqing eras, the second part of this essay briefly summarizes E Ting Lu's account of whole Kinqu drama, and quotes ＂Lists of Kunqu Drama＂ by E Ting Lu, Chuan Ying Zhou（周傳瑛） and Yu Xi Sang（桑毓喜）. When Chinese Opera researchers, E Ting Lu included, discuss Kunqu, they focus on ＂Suzhou Kunqu＂（正崑） and ignore ＂Local Kunqu＂（草崑）. The third part of this essay discusses the country's ＂Local Kunqu,＂ which performs mostly whole Kunqu drama and fewer excerpts from Kunqu. For two hundred years since the Qianlong and Jiaqing periods, excerpts from Kunqu have had their ＂light,＂ but whole Kunqu drama is the one that illuminates the Kunqu stage!