當代新儒家視域下先秦儒學人道思維的特色

人文、人本與人道等思維在西方世界起源甚早，並在19世紀後被廣泛使用，成為現今的主流意識形態之一。相較於西方哲人自覺的定義並將其視為一種「主義」加以詮解，中國古代學者雖然尚未有意識地把這一類思維予以理論化和體系化，但是接近於這方面思維的起源亦甚早，例如先秦儒家早已蘊含這種思考模式。在當代新儒家視野下，可以發現孔孟儒學即已富含深刻的人道情懷，其思維模式也持續被後世儒學所承繼和發揚，不過先秦儒家所展現的人本、人道等思維，雖然基本精神和一些理念和西方有相通之處，但是兩者在後續發展上又有明顯的不同，從而可以總結出在當今跨文化與混文化的視域下，儒家思想體系和西方人文主義者學說理論的異同之處。

關鍵字

新儒學；先秦儒家；人文主義；人道精神

並列摘要

Humanism, humanistic thinking and humanity and other thoughts originated early in the western world. They were used widely in the 19th century. Now, they become one of the mainstream ideologies. In the west, philosophers define them consciously and regard them as a ＂doctrine＂ to interpret. Compare with the west, although ancient Chinese scholars had not yet theorized and systematized this kind of thoughts consciously, many scholars, especially Confucianism, had contained the kind of thinking mode that closes to this aspect of thoughts and originates early. This paper is to describe profound humanitarian feelings in Confucianism of Confucius and Mencius. Its thinking model and practical ability are inherited and developed continuously by later Confucianism. This paper argues that the basic spirit and some ideas of the Pre Qin Confucianism have something in common with the west when the Pre Qin Confucianism shows the humanism, humanity and other thoughts. But they are obviously different in the follow-up development. On this basis, this paper further concludes that the similarities and differences between Confucian system of thought and western humanism theory in today's cross-cultural and mixed cultural perspective.

並列關鍵字

contemporary Neo-Confucianism ； Humanism ； Humanist ethics ； Confucius

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