“一陰一陽之謂道”－試論《易傳》中的儒道互補思想

Yin and Yang to Create the Whole Creations, That is Called "Tao" (the Philosophy): An Attempted Analysis and Discussion on the Complementary Ideas of the Confucianists and the Taoists in Chinese Liter

張鴻愷(Hung-Kai Chang)

《中華人文社會學報》 8期 (2008/03) Pp. 184-203

摘要

《易傳》的思想體系完全是繞著「一陰一陽之謂道」此一命題而展開的，這是一個「合天人，通物我」的命題，也是自然與人文之結合。先秦時期，包括儒道墨在內的各家都以天人整體作爲共同的研究對象，力求以自己的哲學體系來把握此一天人關係之命題，以作爲修道、行道、得道之依據。《易》道中「以人合天」與「以天合人」的天人關係，「生生之謂易」的倫理觀，主客契合的認識論，自然與社會的整體和諧，除明顯可見儒道互補之跡，更是對先秦各家天人思想之總結。

關鍵字

一陰一陽之謂道 ； 易傳 ； 儒道互補 ； 天人思想 ； 先秦哲學

並列摘要

The thinking system of Yi Zhuan was completely derived from the thesis, ”Yin and Yang to make Tao, then everything based on it, ” this was deemed as a topic of ”combining The God and human beings into one; uniting objects and human together, ” and also integration between the nature and human. During the Pre-Chin Dynasty, all scholar groups, including the Confucianists, the Taoists and the Mohist, took the idea of the unity of the God and human as a mutual study target; they wanted to master this subject and connected it into their own theories on basis to build, carry out and gain as reference. ”Using human beings as the subject to understand principle of the God; using the God as the subject to aware of the existence of human beings”, the relationship between the God and people in Yi Zhuan; morality of ”the principle of all God created creatures can live forever and each is in his proper place was deemed as the philosophy of YI”; the epistemology of ”the integration of the subject (main part) and the object (non-main part); overall harmony of the nature and the society… In addition to trace the complementariness of the Confucianists and the Taoists, we can also make conclusions on all scholars' ideas in Pre-Chin period.

並列關鍵字

Yin and Yang to make Tao ； Yi Zhuan ； Complementary of the Confucianists and the Taoists ； Thoughts on God and Human ； Philosophy in Pre-Chin Period