髖部骨折老年患者出院後一個月下肢活動功能相關因素之探討

Factors Related to Low Extremity Functions in Elderly Patients with Hip Fractures during the First Month Following Discharge

伍麗珠(Lih-Chu Wu) ； 王瑞霞(Ruey-Hsia Wang)

《實證護理》 2卷2期 (2006/06) Pp. 89-98

https://doi.org/10.6225/JEBN.2.2.89

摘要

本研究目的為探討髖部骨折老年患者出院後一個月下肢活動功能的相關因素。本研究為相關性研究，以高雄地區兩家醫學中心，一家區域醫院、一家地區醫院之髖部骨折老年患者為研究對象，共收集有效樣本100人。以結構式問卷作資料收集，問卷內容包括：（一）個人基本資料，包括個人屬性因素、疾病相關特性及受傷前之活動；（二）疼痛視覺量表；（三）活動知識量表；（四）社會支持量表；（五）活動自我效能量表；（六）下肢活動功能量表。於個案術後三天分別收集研究對象的個人基本資料、骨折前日常活動功能、術後疼痛、活動知識、活動自我效能及下肢活動功能等，並於患者返家1個月後，至病患家中用下肢活動功能量表再次評估下肢活動功能。研究結果發現：(1)年齡、術後三天疼痛程度與出院後一個月下肢活動功能成負相關。(2)教育程度、骨折前日常活動情形、術後三天活動知識、活動自我效能、社會支持及術後三天之下肢活動功能與出院後一個月下肢活動功能成正相關。(3)出院後一個月下肢活動功能的預測因子為「術後三天下肢活動功能」、「活動自我效能」、「受傷前日常活動功能」及「活動知識」，解釋變異量為53.6%。根據研究結果，護理人員應提供能加強活動知識、活動自我效能及術後三天下肢活動功能的介入措施，以提高髖部骨折老年患者出院後一個月的下肢活動功能。

關鍵字

髖部骨折老年患者 ； 活動知識 ； 自我效能 ； 社會支持 ； 下肢活動功能

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to understand factors related to lower extremity function (LEF) in the first month after discharge in elderly patients with hip fractures. A correlatioal study was performed with 100 elderly hip fracture patients at two community hospitals in Kaohsiung (Southern Taiwan). Data were collected via questionnaires, which included the following six parts: (1) Basic information on patient’s demographic data, disease characteristics, and pre-accident activity; (2) Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) for pain; (3) Mobility knowledge; (4) Inventory of socially supportive behavior; (5) Self-efficacy for function ability, and (6) Lower extremity function measurement. Basic information, mobility knowledge, pain levels, social support, self-efficacy, and LEF data were collected three days following surgery, with LEF data re-evaluated one month after discharge. Results of this study showed that: (1) age and perceived pain levels at three days after surgery correlated negatively with LEF one month after discharge; (2) Educational level, pre-accident activity, mobility knowledge, self-efficacy, social support, and LEF three days after surgery all positively correlated with the LEF one month after discharge; and (3) The most important explanatory LEF variables one month after discharge included LEF three days after surgery, mobility knowledge, self-efficacy, and pre-accident activity. These four variables accounted for 53.6% of the total amount of LEF variance one month after discharge. To improve LEF one month after discharge, nurses should provide interventions that could improve mobility knowledge, self-efficacy and LEF three days after surgery in elderly hip fracture patients.

並列關鍵字

hip fracture in elderly ； mobility knowledge ； self efficacy ； social support ； lower extremity function