南台灣高中職生自殺危險行為盛行率及相關因素之探討

The Prevalence of Suicide Risk Behavior among High School Students in Southern Taiwan, and Factors Related Thereto

李佳諭(Chia-Yu Lee) ； 林梅鳳(Mei-Feng Lin) ； 曾弘富(Hung-Fu Tseng) ； 王文玲(Wen-Ling Wang)

《實證護理》 4卷1期 (2008/03) Pp. 71-81

https://doi.org/10.6225/JEBN.4.1.71

摘要

本研究目的在探討青少年自殺危險行為的盛行率及其相關因素。採描述性相關研究設計，以台灣南部高中職一年級生為對象，採分層叢集隨機抽樣抽出7所學校，共18個班級，有效問卷1,385份，回收率為84.9%。研究工具為「青少年生活經驗量表」，依研究對象自殺危險程度高低分為4組，以多元邏輯迴歸進行影響因素檢測。結果顯示盛行率部分，常有自殺意念者有10.4%，出現過自殺威脅行為者有5.3%，有自殺未遂紀錄者2.3%，皆女多於男。性別、焦慮、無望感、壓力感受、親子衝突、自尊、個人偏差行為、家庭憂鬱及學校表現等為自殺危險行為的顯著因素，總解釋力為53.3%。結論：個人層面是影響高中職生自殺危險行為的重要因素，建議未來在青少年自殺防治上，首重協助青少年的情緒管理與壓力調適，以減輕青少年的焦慮、無望感與壓力感受，以有效降低青少年自殺死亡率。

關鍵字

青少年 ； 自殺危險行為 ； 盛行率

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence of suicide risk behavior and to identify the factors related thereto among adolescents. A descriptive correlational study design was adopted, and the study population comprised students from all the high schools and vocational high schools in a southern Taiwan city. A two-step stratified sampling procedure was used. In total 18 classes from seven schools were selected, and 1,385 questionnaires completed (effective rate = 84.9%). The study instrument was the Chinese version of the High School Questionnaire. Subjects were divided into four different suicide risk groups. The data were analyzed by percentage, t-test, and multinomial logistic regression. The results found 10.4% of subjects indicating that they had suicidal thoughts very often, 5.3% that they had threatened suicide, and 2.3% that they had attempted suicide. Gender, perceived stress, hopelessness, anxiety, self-esteem, aggressive behavior, conflict with parents, parental involvement, and peer support were significant factors accounting for 53.3% of the variance in adolescent suicide risk behavior. This finding reveals the significant role of individual domain factors in relation to adolescent suicide risk behavior. Strategies such as emotion and stress management will be very helpful to highly suicidal adolescents in releasing their anxiety and stressful feelings.

並列關鍵字

adolescent ； suicide risk behavior ； prevalence