以腦波手段檢視精準運動的神經效率假說：專家與生手研究典範

To assess neural efficiency hypothesis in precision sports by means of Electroencephalography (EEG): Expert-novice research paradigm

陳泰廷(Tai-Ting Chen) ； 王國鑌(Kuo-Pin Wang)

《臺灣運動心理學報》 16卷1期 (2016/05) Pp. 97-118

https://doi.org/10.6497/BSEPT2016.1601.06

摘要

「神經效率假說」常被用來檢視專家與生手在專業技能方面差異化的假說之一，專家可能在執行屬於自身較為熟悉的動作技能時，神經效率、皮質擴張、專業化歷程和內在模型等四個神經過程上皆優於生手，並且從各頻率段以及腦波相干性指標看到專家與生手訊息處理變化上的差異。本文係從動作學習的歷程觀點，檢視專家與生手經由練習所產生的神經訊息處理上的差異，並從腦波上的結果來驗證神經效率假說的適用性並對神經效率假說提出更合理的解釋。

關鍵字

技能獲得 ； 技能水準 ； 事件關聯電位

並列摘要

＂Neural efficiency hypothesis＂ is one of the most common hypothesizes that is adopted to assess professional skills differences between experts and novices. When experts implement more familiar action skills that belong to themselves, they are more excellent than novices in four neural processes, neural efficiency, cortex expansion, professional process and inner model. In the sight of each frequency and EEG coherence indexes, differences in information processing changes that experts and novices make could be observed. According to motor learning process, this review was to examine practice differences in neural information processing that expert and novice make. Test the applicability of neural efficiency hypothesis from the results of EEG and offer neural efficiency hypothesis more reasonable explanations.

並列關鍵字

skill acquisition ； skill levels ； event-related potential

參考文獻

Abreu, A. M.,Macaluso, E.,Azevedo, R. T.,Cesari, P.,Urgesi, C.,Aglioti, S. M.(2012).Action anticipation beyond the action observation network: a functional magnetic resonance imaging study in expert basketball players.European Journal of Neuroscience.35,1646-1654.

Adams, J. A.(1971).A closed-loop theory of motor learning.Journal of Motor Behavior.3,111-150.

Aglioti, S. M.,Cesari, P.,Romani, M.,Urgesi, C.(2008).Action anticipation and motor resonance in elite basketball players.Nature Neuroscience.11,1109-1116.

Alexander, G. E.,Crutcher, M. D.(1990).Functional architecture of basal ganglia circuits: Neural substrates of parallel processing.Trends in Neurosciences.13(7),266-271.

Allen, G. I.,Tsukahara, N.(1974).Cerebrocerebellar communication systems.Physiological Reviews.54,957-1006.