Behavioral Integrity and Decision-Making: A Scenario Approach

行為正直與決策制定：情境模擬觀點

洪一碩(Yi-Shuo Hung)

《興國學報》 15期 (2014/01) Pp. 15-29

摘要

本研究的目的在於探討資深專業經理人以及商業科系學生相對之間的行為正直差異。行為正直指的是個人的所說的言語／承諾與實際行為的一致性，乃是有效領導的一項重要因素。一個人是否會因為時間與社會的試煉，而逐漸失去其行為正直的美德？亦或，一個人反而因為企業環境與壓力的塑造，而習得行為正直乃是領導的要項？本研究以整合社會契約理論為中心，運用三個模擬的情境，分別設定不同的角色、職位，以及企業環境，據以觀察不同群組的回應者對於承諾與行為之間的異同。研究樣本353人，其中152人為大學商學院的學生、201人為資深專業經理人。研究結果顯示，資深專業經理人的行為正直分數較商學院學生高。學生離開學校之後，由於社會契約的形成與現實環境的塑造，會讓個人傾向於採取行為正直的作為，也會體認到行為正直與決策制定對於領導效能之間的影響。

關鍵字

行為正直 ； 整合社會契約理論 ； 正直 ； 專業經理人 ； 社會契約

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences of behavioral integrity between veteran managers and business students. Behavioral integrity, the consistency of an individual's words and deeds, is a virtue and a component of effective leadership. What is the direction of this virtuous formation? Does an individual's behavioral integrity ”deteriorate” with time, or, can integrity be learned? This study utilized three scenarios covering different characters, positions, and roles in business settings. We arranged the Scenarios so that the situation itself contained the ”words.” The ”deeds” according to the promises made in the scenarios were placed within the four choices. A total of 353 people, including 152 college business students and 201 seasoned firm managers participated in the survey. Managers processed higher behavioral integrity than the students exhibited. An individual's awareness of immediate surroundings and experiences in social contracting process within relevant contexts strengthened one's behavioral integrity if the surrounding environment was healthy. It is often believed that students are naïve whereas managers are more sophisticated. Through a social contracts perspective, we propose the opposite. Our findings suggested that the formation of integrated behavior of managers is the product of learning within and among their groups over time. Additionally, education in business schools will be valuable to recognize the implication of this social contracting process by providing students with more thoughtful, real-life lessons. This study focused on behavioral integrity, an important factor of effective leadership, by employing the perspective of social contracts. Moreover, this study highlighted that the formation of action codes under immediate surroundings influenced group members, and the importance of building healthy layers of environmental influences on an individual's behavioral integrity are critical for success.

並列關鍵字

Behavioral integrity ； Business students ； Integrative Social Contracts Theory ； Integrity ； Managers ； Social contracts

參考文獻

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