社會化媒介對國小學童運動參與行為之影響

Effects and Influence of Agents of Socialization in Sport Involvement to Elementary School Students

林建良(Chien-Liang Lin)

《臺灣體育運動管理學報》 5期 (2007/09) Pp. 298-313

https://doi.org/10.6547/tassm.2007.0015

摘要

本研究主要目的在瞭解不同背景國小學童運動參與行為的差異情形及受社會化媒介(agents of socialization)影響的差異情形，且進一步探討國小學童運動參與行為受不同的社會化媒介影響的差異。本研究以宜蘭縣國民小學四、五、六年級男女學生為對象，隨機抽取377位學生做為問卷調查之實施對象，以「國小學童運動參與行為及其社會化媒介影響問卷」為工具，所得資料以描述性統計、卡方檢定、獨立樣本t考驗、單因子變異數分析等相關統計方法進行分析，獲得結果如下：一、國小學童不同年級、性別、家庭社經地位及有無參加運動社團，在運動參與行為上均有差異性存在。二、社會化媒介對不同背景國小學童的影響，以「同儕」及「社區」對國小女生具有較大影響力。不同年級、家庭社經地位、社團有無則無明顯之差異。三、整體而言，高運動參與比低運動參與受社會化媒介影響程度為大，特別是「大眾媒體」、「同儕」對國小學童運動參與行為具有較大影響力。根據以上結論提出建議，「大眾媒體」及「同儕」互動在學童運動社會化過程中之影響力已不容忽視，教育單位在推動國小運動教育時，可從以上兩因素中著手規劃可行方案及對策，應可收事半功倍之效果。

關鍵字

運動參與 ； 社會化媒介

並列摘要

The primary goal of this research is to examine how different behaviors, background circumstances, and agents of socialization influence the involvement of elementary school students in extracurricular sports. This study also goes one step further by specifically examining how different agents of socialization can affect involvement behavior. The study included the survey responses of 377 randomly selected fourth, fifth, and sixth grade students in Yi-lan County public elementary schools. The survey ”Influences of Agents of Socialization on Elementary School Sports Involvement” incorporated descriptive statistics, the Chi-square test, the T-test of independence, and one-way ANOVA, etc. All the statistical methods were used to analyze the data, resulting in the following conclusions: 1. The grade level, gender, and socioeconomic status of the students evenly influenced sports involvement behavior. 2. The agents of socialization have a greater effect on female students of similar peer and community backgrounds. There was no clear difference for students of different grade levels or socioeconomic statuses. 3. Agents of socialization had a greater effect on students with high involvement than on students with low involvement. The agents with especially notable effects were mass media and peer. Based on these conclusions, this study proposes that the effects of mass media and peer should not be ignored. During the promotion of sports education among elementary school students, these two factors can be practically incorporated into a program with double the effectiveness.

並列關鍵字

sport involvement ； agents of socialization

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