退休銀髮族運動參與及幸福感的關係－利益知覺之中介效果

The Relationships of Exercise Participation and Well-Being of the Retired Elderly: The Mediating Effects of Perceived Benefits

李易儒(Yi-Ju Lee) ； 洪維勵(Wei-Li Hung)

《臺灣體育運動管理學報》 7期 (2008/12) Pp. 142-159

https://doi.org/10.6547/tassm.2008.0017

摘要

本研究旨在探討退休銀髮族對於幸福感及運動利益的知覺，以及所參與之運動強度及頻率、利益知覺與幸福感之間的關係。以人員問卷調查法，針對台北市60歲以上銀髮族進行調查。研究採配額抽樣法，於台北市公園發放正式問卷，共回收352份有效問卷。本研究發現，退休銀髮族運動後，幸福感以情緒反應感受最多，運動強度與幸福感之間呈現負相關，然而運動頻率與幸福感間具有正向關係；退休銀髮族所知覺到的利益以社會互動最高，運動強度與利益知覺之間有低度負相關，運動頻率與利益知覺之間具有低度正相關；研究發現利益知覺與幸福感之間呈現顯著正相關；此外，利益知覺在運動強度與幸福感構面之間扮演中介的角色，並在運動頻率及精神感受間扮演中介角色。本研究建議，多推廣退休銀髮族參與規律的運動，藉由運動參與，可提高幸福感及成功的老化。

關鍵字

退休銀髮族 ； 運動強度 ； 運動頻率 ； 利益知覺 ； 幸福感

並列摘要

The objective of this study was to identify the sense of well-being and perceived benefits among retired elderly and relationships of physical exercise, including exercise intensity and frequency, exercise benefits and well-being. Quota sampling was chosen to select the respondents. People who aged over 60 were interviewed with questionnaire. The survey was conducted in a number of parks in Taipei. A total of 352 valid questionnaires were collected. The results show that emotional reaction was perceived by the respondents as the highest factor in terms of the sense of well-being. There was a negative relationship between exercise intensity and well-being. However, exercise frequency had significant positive relationships with well-being. The results indicate that social interaction was perceived as the most important benefits of exercise. In addition, a low negative correlation between exercise intensity and exercise benefits was found, and exercise frequency and exercise benefits had low positive correlation. The results find that there was a high correlation between the perceived exercise benefits and the well-being. In addition, perceived benefits of exercise is a mediator between exercise intensity and the components of well-being. Besides, perceived benefits is also a mediator between exercise frequency and mental impression. The study suggests that the elderly should keep doing exercise regularly in order to increase well-being and successful ageing.

並列關鍵字

retired elderly ； exercise intensity ； exercise frequency ； perceived benefits ； well-being

參考文獻

人口年齡分配

時間運用概況

平均每戶家庭收支按行政區別分

中華民國臺灣95年至140年人口推計

沈連魁(2004)。嘉義市國小學童壓力因應能力與其運動參與程度及健康體適能關係之研究。體育學報。36，95-106。