衝浪者流暢體驗關係模式之研究：兼論知覺風險之調節效果

目的：好奇心是激發人類探索行為的關鍵因素，遊憩活動參與者為了滿足其好奇心，對新奇刺激的活動產生需求，進而產生動機趨力參與遊憩活動，而可能在活動參與的過程中產生正向的流暢體驗。因此，本研究旨在探討衝浪冒險遊憩參與者，其好奇心、刺激尋求與流暢體驗間的關係，並驗證衝浪者個體知覺風險對於此流暢體驗模式之調節效果。方法：採立意抽樣方式針對宜蘭雙城地區衝浪者進行結構式問卷調查，獲得有效問卷520份。結果：利用偏最小平方法進行分析，顯示好奇心對刺激尋求有正向的影響；而刺激尋求對流暢體驗有正向影響。此外，研究中也證實衝浪冒險遊憩參與者高知覺風險會弱化好奇心與刺激尋求的關係，低知覺風險會強化好奇心與刺激尋求的關係。結論：衝浪者所知覺的好奇心越高，越容易有刺激尋求的反應，進而產生流暢體驗。且參與個體知覺風險如超出可掌控的水準，會減低好奇心所產生的刺激尋求，減少或逃避繼續參與活動。最後提出若干管理意涵與未來研究方向之建議。

關鍵字

冒險性遊憩活動；好奇心；刺激尋求；流暢體驗；知覺風險

並列摘要

Purpose: Curiosity is a key factor that stimulates the explorative behaviors of humans. The intentions of satisfying curiosity and experiencing novel stimuli reactions generate motivation to participate in recreational activities, which in turn can generate a positive flow experience during or after participation. Therefore, this study investigated the interrelationships between curiosity, sensation seeking, and flow experience of recreational surfing adventure participants to verify the moderating effect of perceived risk in the model. Methods: Using the purposive sampling method, this study enrolled surfers living in the Twin Cities area of Yilan County; participants were administered structured questionnaires, and 520 valid questionnaires were obtained. Results: Using the partial least squares analysis method, this study found that curiosity had a positive impact on sensation seeking, and that sensation seeking had a positive impact on flow experience. In addition, a high perceived risk among surfers weakened the relationship between curiosity and sensation seeking, whereas a low perceived risk strengthened this relationship. Conclusion: The surfers with high perceived curiosity easily responded to sensation seeking and tended to generate flow experience. Furthermore, when the perceived risk level of participation went beyond an individual's control, it reduced the degree of sensation seeking produced by curiosity, thereby reducing the likelihood of continued participation in the activity in question. Finally, several recommendations for management and directions for future research are proposed in this paper.