結構可靠度在橋梁工程之應用綜述

The Overview of Structure Reliability Application on Bridge Engineering

梁正裕(Cheng-Yu Liang)

《中華建築技術學刊》 5卷1期 (2008/06) Pp. 107-114

https://doi.org/10.30021/JBCT.200806.0008

摘要

既有橋梁結構在種種不利因素的影響下，材料性能逐漸老化，結構損傷逐漸累計，從而導致結構性能逐漸劣化，結構可靠性降低。本文針對橋梁的剩餘壽命預測、安全評估、優化設計及可靠度最新研究進展作一初步介紹。基於可靠度理論的橋梁評估方法是未來橋梁評估的方向。該方法引入不確定性的概念準確反映了橋梁可靠性的本質。並可以處理荷載、抗力的不定性以及這些不定性的變化對結構可靠度的影響。但是對於橋梁構件的可靠性評估如何推廣到體系可靠度還需要進行深入地研究。

關鍵字

可靠度 ； 橋梁 ； 剩餘壽命預測 ； 優化

並列摘要

Damages to structures accumulate under the influence of several factors such as the aging of structure material. These accumulated damages usually decrease the reliability and function of the structures as originally designed. This paper focuses on introducing several evaluation techniques-life cycle predication, safety evaluation, design optimization, and the latest theories of reliability of structures. The reliability theory (the foundation of bridge appraising) employs the concept of estimating to reflect the bridge reliability as closely as possible. The method also considers the uncertainties of the loading and resisting forces in order to evaluate their influences on structure reliability. Applying the bridge component reliability to system reliability is an important research issue. In this paper, the optimization in bridge engineering is also discussed. Traditionally, the bridge structure is the only issue considered in optimizing bridge engineering. This paper discusses other factors-the relation between a bridge and its environment, workers casualties, and expenses during the construction process.

並列關鍵字

Reliability ； Bridge ； Life-cycle Prediction ； Optimization