The Actual Usage of Residential Cooling and heating Systems in a Subtropical Climate Zone

亞熱帶地區住宅空調系統使用實態研究

謝宏仁(Hsieh, Hung-Ren)

《中華建築技術學刊》 11卷1期 (2020/08) Pp. 27-39

摘要

The residential cooling and heating systems of Taiwan's Yilan District, located within the subtropical climate zone, are the research object of this study. This involved using a questionnaire survey to carry out a case study to understand the actual usage of residential space cooling and heating equipments. With regard to the current air conditioning installation status, nearly all households are equipped with space cooling devices, and over 60% of residential users show demand for space heating devices, as well. Bedrooms (including bedroom suites) and sitting rooms are the residential indoor spaces with the highest demand for air conditioning equipment. In terms of thermal adaptive behaviors of residential occupants, although most of them use electrical air conditioning equipment, they also make performing physical activities a priority as a means of thermal adaptive behavior that does not consume electrical power. With regard to air conditioning usage behavior, the acceptable residential indoor temperature range estimated by this study is 13.6°C-29.2°C. In contrast to ＂high indoor temperatures,＂ residential occupants tend to better endure ＂low indoor temperatures.＂ ＂High energy consumption＂ is considered the most brothering air conditioning problem by residential occupants. Education level highly correlates with the air conditioning usage behavior of residential occupants, followed by age, while its correlation with gender is extremely low. The higher the education level of users, the narrower the range that they can accept as a comfortable indoor thermal temperature, but the higher the probability that they will implement energy-efficient air conditioning behaviors.

關鍵字

air conditioning usage behavior ； acceptable indoor temperature ； thermal adaptive behavior ； energy-efficient

並列摘要

本研究以位於亞熱帶氣候區之台灣宜蘭地區的住宅空調設備為研究對象，透過使用者問卷調查，進行住宅冷房及暖房空調設備之使用實際狀態的案例研究。調查結果顯示，幾乎所有住宅均設有冷房空調設備，且有超過六成之住宅使用者有暖房空調之設置需求。空調設備設置需求較高之住宅單元空間為臥室及客廳。雖然最多人實行之熱調適行為是使用須耗用住宅能源的空調設備，但住宅居住者還是會優先採用不須消耗能源之人體活動來進行熱調適。本研究推估住宅室內容許溫度範圍介於13.6°C－29.2°C。相對於＂室內高溫＂，住宅居住者對＂室內低溫＂較能忍受。住宅居住者對暖氣機之使用，明顯較冷氣機保守。＂耗能過高＂為住宅居住者最感困擾之空調使用問題。超過一半之住宅居住者，會實施空調節能行為。住宅居住者之教育程度與空調使用行為有較高之相關性，其次為年齡，相較之下性別的相關性極低。高教育程度者，可接受之室內溫度舒適範圍較窄，但其有較高之空調節能行為實施機率。

並列關鍵字

空調使用行為 ； 容許室內溫度 ； 熱調適行為 ； 能源效率