DEVELOPMENT OF THE FRAGILITY CURVES OF THE STATUE

Inventory of the current statue on Kinmen consists of the statue of Luo Mazu and Luocuo Mazu and a statue of Zheng Chenggong on Jiangong Island. However, their heights are less than 10 meters. In this study, the Manjushri Buddha statue planned and built in Kinmen County is the tallest one in Taiwan. The main body of the statue is 33 meters high. The base diameter is about 17.6 meters long. It will build with 1,850 granite blocks. The built methodology is different to those small statues in Kinmen. The statue plans to build on granite gneiss. Therefore, this study selected the shear wave velocity as Vs=1000~2000m/s and Vs>270m/s specified in the seismic design code. A total of 18 earthquakes can meet this shear wave velocity range. The wind effects on the statue are based on the wind design code in Taiwan. The basic design wind speed is 35m/sec in Kinmen on the basis of the design code. In addition, the important factor is 1.1. The 2006 Moranti Typhoon was strong wind recorded in Kinmen. The analysis also consists of its effect. The structure of the statue was modeled as shell elements. The nonlinear link elements were used as interface between the base of the statue and granite gneiss on the ground level to account for the sliding effects. The fragility of the stature consists of effects of drift and stability. The damage criteria of drift are based on the code specified 5/1000 as a threshold to develop the fragility curves. In addition, the threshold of the sliding is used to specify the fragility curves of stability of the statue. Moreover, the main features of the fragility curves in the earthquakes include the acceleration ratios between the vertical and horizontal directions. The findings of this research can be implemented to the safety evaluation of the similar statues.

關鍵字

Earthquake effect ； wind effect ； granite ； acceleration ratio ； fragility curve

並列摘要

盤點目前金門之神像，包括料羅媽祖神像及羅厝媽祖神像，另外還有建功嶼鄭成功雕像等，惟高度皆屬未達10公尺之小型雕像。本研究案以金門縣規劃建造之文殊菩薩大佛神像為研究目標，大佛主體高33公尺高、底座直徑約17.6公尺長，約由1850個花崗石單元組成，其若建造將會是金門目前最高之雕像。本研究案為金門目前最大之大佛雕像，其設計考量的工法有別同地區小型雕像，考量地區屬花崗片麻岩之主之地質特性，因此，本研究依據美國PEER地震研究中心選擇剪力波速為Vs=1000～2000m/s及建築物耐震設計規範及解說Vs30≥270m⁄s，符合此剪力波速範圍內地震共計18筆地震，並根據剪力波速選擇適當的輸入地震，地震波的加速度反應譜，並能滿足設計反應譜。本研究將大佛花崗石考慮為板殼元素，基礎的部分則考慮花崗岩與基礎之摩擦力，因此，就整個大佛之分析，首先決定大佛受地震力作用後，評估是否會發生滑動，以評估大佛神像之安全性。抗風的部分，按內政部頒『建築物風力設計規範及解說』之相關規定，採用基本設計風速35m/sec，建築物用途係數I值為1.1，檢核本主結構體之5/1000層間變位角需求。另須考慮Moranti颱風之影響、地形的影響，對於巨型構造物亦是重要研究重點。本研究針對破壞指標，建立考慮垂直地震與水平地震之比，對破壞指數之影響損害程度之準則，並利用破壞準則建立相關易損曲線，做為日後安全評估之指標，並可供金門地區相類似之構造物災險評估之參考。

並列關鍵字

標震；風力；花崗石；加速度比；易損曲線

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