呂赫若小說的社會關懷

Social Solicitude in the Novels of Lu Ho-ruo

林承治(Cheng-Chih Lin)

《高應科大人文社會科學學報》 4卷 (2007/07) Pp. 49-66

https://doi.org/10.29888/KUASJHSS.200707.0003

摘要

日治時期新文學運動的興起，主要是受到特殊的殖民地經驗與國際民族自決意識相互激盪的影響，因此引領臺灣文化向上提升的呼籲，一直是新文學發展的主要訴求。接受新式教育，深受馬克思社會主義思想啟發的呂赫若也是如此，他延續賴和新文學寫實批判的精神，主張創作要「從生活中出發」，實踐社會關懷的理念，因此1935年在日本《文學評論》上發表處女作〈牛車〉，即展現關懷臺灣本土的思維，書寫不誇張而又更像臺灣人生活的作品，在那個傳統／現代、鄉土／都會、臺灣／日本、我族／他者糾纏交錯的年代，他的小說觸及社會經濟、家族興衰與道德風俗、女性議題、城鄉徬徨、臺日關係等議題，真實呈現當代的臺灣面貌，是社會風情畫的重要作家。他所描述的社會風情，具有多種面向，透顯出既對立而又共生的的思想，卻無非是基於一種強烈的批判精神，他不但立足於現代角度觀察傳統，也以傳統觀點批判現代，對傳統的態度不是情緒的決裂與擺脫，而是在傳統中尋找資源以建構現代社會，並藉由理解傳統以批判當代，使當代人能從各種支配中解放，以期待在現代化的浪潮中建立臺灣的主體思維。

關鍵字

呂赫若 ； 〈牛車〉 ； 臺灣文學 ； 現代與傳統

並列摘要

The rise of the New Literature Movement during the period of Japanese Colonization was affected by the unique colonial experience and self-consciousness concerning nationality. Therefore, an appeal to upgrade the culture in Taiwan had always been the main purpose of this development. Lu Ho-ruo, inspired by Marxist Socia1ism, also shared the same belief. He followed the critical spirit of the new literature of Lai Ho and claimed that literature should be ”based on real life” and that writers have to implement the idea of social concern. Consequently, ”The Oxcart,” his maiden work published in 1935 in a Japanese magazine named Literature Review expressed his concerns for local Taiwanese. Without exaggerated description, it is a work very close to Taiwanese real life. In a complex era, with its entanglement of tradition and modernity, country and city Taiwan and Japan, Taiwanese and Japanese people, his novel describes: social economics, the family's rise and decline, feminine issues, confusion between the city and the country, as well as the relations between Taiwan and Japan. As an important writer describing social reality, he revealed the contemporary situation in Taiwan. However, the described social phenomenon exposed circumstances such as opposites and symbiosis; yet according to the strong critical spirit, he not only observed the tradition from a modem viewpoint, but also criticized modernity from a traditional point of view. His mindset towards the tradition was not a sentimental destruction and disruption; instead, he tried to construct a modem society based upon traditional resources. With a understanding of traditions, the contemporary criticized: it could be freed from restrictions. People can then be released from all kinds of controls. He expected that orthodox Taiwanese thinking could still be expressed within the trend of modernization.

並列關鍵字

Lu Ho-ruo ； (oxcart) ； Taiwan Literature ； contemporary and tradition