試說中國門戶神信仰演變大勢

A Research on the Development of Chinese Door Gods

鄒濬智(Jin-Zi Zhou)

《高應科大人文社會科學學報》 5卷 (2008/07) Pp. 137-154

https://doi.org/10.29888/KUASJHSS.200807.0007

摘要

先人對門戶的崇拜，起源於門戶可以幫人們阻擋住有形和無形的威脅。當建築工法出現、有宮室來區分內外後，方才有門戶的設置，因此先人對門戶的崇拜應該在宮室之制出現之後才產生。目前在新石器時代遺址中已發現先人崇拜門戶的若干場所和儀式；到了商代，對門戶的崇拜儀式開始成形；周朝之後，門戶之神納入祭禮系統當中；漢代以後，門神具體化形象化、人格化；後來，門神又符號化，變成桃符、春聯。

關鍵字

迷信 ； 民間信仰 ； 符咒 ； 鬼神

並列摘要

Because the doors can protect people, gradually people thought doors might have godheads. We can find some neolithic monuments concerning the belief in door gods. Since Sung dynasty, the ceremony of door gods has came into being form. The Zhou dynasty, the form of the belief in door gods has been subsumed into common beliefs. After the Hang dynasty, people have personalized door gods. After all, charms and gatepost couplets replace the position of door gods.

並列關鍵字

Fetishism ； Civil Belief ； Charm ； Spirits