宋詞中楊花比興意涵之探討

A Study of the Metaphorical Significance of Poplar Blossoms in Song Ci Poems

王璧寰(Pi-Huan Wang)

《高應科大人文社會科學學報》 5卷 (2008/07) Pp. 1-17

https://doi.org/10.29888/KUASJHSS.200807.0001

摘要

詠物之篇什，自有詩歌之作當已產生。初期不過採擷入句，萬物皆外於人事、人情；其後察之愈細，刻畫益工，然物我尚見兩分。再經文人寄情，遂因物起興，別有寄託，而後詠物方不淪為玩物喪志之流。詩賦如此，歌詞亦然。本文主要在闡明楊花在詞中寫作意涵逐步擴張之種種跡證。楊花雖為微物，花籍中多不加採錄，未及蘭、荷、牡丹、梅等之受常人青睞，置之詠物詞研究行列中，似無關緊要。然傑出之詞人偏引入筆下，興慨無端。其比興意涵逐步擴大之進程，與詠物詞寫作技巧之進化、慢詞勃興之推挽作用、詞體地位之提升、政治社會之變遷及傑出詞人對詞境內涵之開創等，實同步進行。觀此一物，亦可見微知著矣。

關鍵字

隱喻 ； 楊花 ； 詞 ； 詠物

並列摘要

To chant objects is a tradition of Chinese poets in early Shi-Jing. During this period, nature was just described as observed objects without literal metaphorical functions. Gradually, the describing skills of the poets became more progressive and their emotions were getting deeper and stronger. Then the metaphorical function was slowly expanded with observed objects given various kinds of emotional significance. The literary works were obviously consumed with the poets' laden emotions, and hence filled with an enormous amount of aesthetic values. In the Song Dynasty, Ci, a special poetic form in common with Shi, experienced a similar evolution of object chanting. But the metaphorical significance of Ci poems became increasingly intense and varied. Usually, flowers were the primary items for poets to chant, e.g. orchids, lotuses, chrysanthemums, and plums, because of their eye-catching characteristics. Since the poplar blossom is very small and lacking in fragrance or beauty, poets often neglected her; but brilliant and emotional poets still gave the poplar blossom extraordinary vitality with their pens. This paper intends to research the metaphorical significance of the poplar blossom. How was it being described? How was it being expanded? Furthermore, this paper discusses the poets' living backgrounds in order to explain the formational causes of the metaphorical significance inherent in Song Ci poems.

並列關鍵字

metaphorical ； poplar blossom ； Ci ； chant object