古詩十九首之開創性意涵探析

《古詩十九首》最早見錄於梁昭明太子所編的《昭明文選》卷二九，是一組沒有著錄作者姓名的早期五言古詩，自其開始，中國詩歌就脫離了四言詩、騷體與楚歌體的形式，開始了邁入了五言詩的輝煌時期。歷來的評論家對《古詩十九首》都推崇備至，只是大多以儒家詩教為標準來評價《古詩十九首》，卻對諸多與儒家詩教扞格之點視而不見，致不能對《古詩十九首》之價值有一全面性的探析。本文緣此，即以「古詩十九首之開創性意涵探析」為題，試圖跳脫詩教樊籬，企圖掘發《十九首》的獨特價值。首先列出淫鄙之尤的嘲諷，詩人刻意以粗鄙的語言來冒犯業已空洞化的禮教與儒學權威，寄寓著內心的深沉感憤與真實人性復歸的意涵；其次是感時傷逝的詠嘆，從《十九首》中諸多感時傷逝、發抒人生無常的作品，可以發現詩人所處身的時代，用以實現理想、貞定自我的仕進機會是闕如的，以致生命體在欠缺寄託與著力點的情況下，只能赤裸無依地暴露在虛無的深淵；其三是重情的生命態度，詩人在理想志意無成、生命苦短的情境下，透顯出對情感無比執著的態度。本論文即以此三者來標舉《十九首》的文人性格與審美情趣，以之作為肯定其突破過往詩歌成就、擁有不朽光輝價值的所在。

關鍵字

古詩十九首；漢代詩歌；漢代文學

並列摘要

Nineteen Ancient Poems was first seen recorded in Volume 29 of Zhaoming Wenxuan compiled by [Liang] Prince Zhaoming, and is a set of early five-character ancient verse by anonymous authors. From this set of poems, Chinese poetry departed from the forms of four-character verse, Sao-form, and Chu-ge form, and entered the golden age of five-character verse. Historically, commentators have had high praise for Nineteen Ancient Poems, but most used a Confucian poetry standard to evaluate the Nineteen Ancient Poems, overlooking the points that contradicted Confucian poetry standards, thus they were unable to comprehensively explore the value of Nineteen Ancient Poems.In view of this, this paper seeks to use the ”Exploration of the Innovative Meaning of Nineteen Ancient Poems,” in an attempt to break free from poetry standards to delve into the unique value of Nineteen Ancient Poems. First, the study lists vulgar satire, in which poets deliberately use vulgar language to counter the now empty authority of rituals and Confucianism, and they write about their deep dissatisfaction and desire for return to true human nature. There are eulogies for death; from the many poems eulogizing death and describing the inconstancy of life Nineteen Ancient Poems, it can be found that in the time of these poets, they had little chance in political advancement to realize their visions and affirm themselves, so that life, without a sense of belonging or focus, could only be exposed to the nihilist abyss, naked and unable to rely on anything. Third, the life attitude that emphasizes emotions is shown by poets in their inability to fulfill their ideals in their short lives; they continued to hold on to emotions. This paper uses these three points to note the literati character and aesthetic interest of Nineteen Ancient Poems, affirming them as a breakthrough from past poetry and as having indelible brightness and value.

並列關鍵字

Nineteen Ancient Poems ； Han Dynasty poetry ； Han Dynasty literature

國際替代計量

古詩十九首之開創性意涵探析

全文下載

主題瀏覽