台灣信用卡徵審作業風險之探討

金融自由化、國際化的趨勢，信用卡市場也蓬勃發展，外資發卡銀行積極經營國內信用卡業務，國內銀行努力爭取信用卡市場的佔有率，國內信用卡市場開始白熱化發展。為爭取高度信用卡發卡量與市場佔有率，發卡銀行在信用卡徵審作業尺度上逐漸寬鬆。隨著徵審作業的寬鬆，伴隨而來的偽冒案件、人頭案件之信用卡申請案件與日俱增。如何防堵信用卡不實資料偽件的申請進件以降低發卡風險，減少呆帳損失，建構一套完整安全的徵審作業制度是發卡銀行目前需加強與改善。本研究以國內某一銀行信用卡徵審作業為研究對象，針對徵審核發信用卡後所產生的風險帳款，探討這些風險帳款來自於徵審時未能及時發現偽冒案件與人頭件等不實資料信用卡申請案件而不慎發卡為主。研究內容分成二部分：一、事前作業，了解銀行信用卡徵審之授信政策與防治偽冒案件、人頭案件的辨別方法。二、事後作業，分析以不慎核發之偽冒案件與人頭件等案件統計數字與不實資料的詐騙手法，並以統計方式找出降低風險呆帳的方式，再追溯至事前作業階段，改進徵審作業與授信政策，降低因不慎發卡之偽件、人頭件風險。於發卡銀行徵審作業的建議：一、加強教育徵審經辦對於不實資料信用卡申請案件的辨別技巧與專業知識。二、徵審授信政策隨時更新。三、建立詐騙集團的資料庫以落實徵審作業。妥善的規劃信用卡徵審作業，做好徵審風險控管，降低呆帳產生，不論外資或國內的發卡銀行發行的信用卡將是無風險性的有效卡。

關鍵字

信用卡；徵審作業；風險帳款

並列摘要

With the trend of liberalization and internationalization on the financial market, it brings on the booming development of credit market. Foreign banks also actively involve domestic credit market. Domestic banks make an effort to raise the share on the credit market. This leads to the strict competition on the credit market. To get high volume and share on the credit market, the issuing bank always use more flexible evaluation during approving procedure. With the flexible approving procedure, the fraud cases increase day by day. How to prevent fraud case from issuing to reduce risk and bad debts loss showed a very important for the issuing bank. Thus, to formulate an integrative and safe system on the approving procedure for the issuing bank has to strength and improvement at currently. We use a credit card department of local bank as the subject of this study. To the risk account after card issuing, the study will focus on examine the sources of fraud cases. The content of this study will separate into two sections: prior approving and posterior issuing. For the prior approving, we will deep explore the policy of granting credit and the methods of preventing fraud cases. For the posterior issuing, we will analyze the fraud skill and use computer simulation model to find the methods of reducing risk. With regard to the approving procedure of issuing bank, we will provide following suggestions: 1. Emphasize education training and techniques of identification. 2. Policy of approving grant credit updating instantly 3. Create a fraud en bloc data bank to realize approving procedure To reduce bad debts, issuing banks will be appropriate planning and reducing risk on credit card approving procedure. For the credit cards issued by foreign and domestic banks, this will be a riskless and effective card.