排球扣球起跳動作之下肢生物力學特性

近年來隨著排球比賽強度的提升，每次的得分機會都顯得相對重要，在正式比賽中，跳躍扣球往往是比賽得分的重要關鍵技術，多變的扣球戰術使對方攔網與後排防守的難度提升，而優異的跳躍能力能使選手在扣球時更具有威脅性，排球跳躍扣球技術主要分為助跑期、跳躍期、空中期與落地期，而其中以助跑期與起跳期對於跳躍表現的影響最為重要，透過助跑與起跳動作將下肢推蹬的力量轉換至跳躍高度來達到最佳扣球高度，強而有力的跳躍扣球技術是一位優秀的排球選手所應具備的技術。本文藉由相關文獻之整理，探討影響排球跳躍扣球動作中助跑期與起跳期的運動生物力學要素，希望能提供教練或運動選手應用在排球技術上。

關鍵字

助跑；跳躍；扣球

並列摘要

Given that volleyball games have become more intense and hyper-competitive than ever, every single point in a volleyball match has also become more important. The spike has been a critical and powerful technique in volleyball since it increases the chance of scoring. The spike is relatively unpredictable and difficult to handle for the opposing team due to the extra power and height of the attack. Therefore, being able to consistently perform effective spikes is crucial for all the elite volleyball players. The spike consists of four phases: approach, take-off, hang and landing. Among these four phases, approach and take-off are the most important steps for producing powerful jumps. The effective approach and take-off allow players to manufacture speed and explosive power for higher jumps. The purpose of this paper was to generate practical knowledge of spikes for volleyball players and coaches by reviewing studies on the biomechanics of volleyball approach and take-off.