登山冒險遊憩持續涉入模式之研究

An Enduring Involvement Model of Adventuresome Recreational Mountain Hiking

張孝銘(Hsiao-Ming Chang) ； 林芫任(Yuan-Jen Lin) ； 李城忠(Cheng-Jong Lee)

《運動休閒管理學報》 6卷1期 (2009/06) Pp. 133-151

https://doi.org/10.6214/JSRM.200906_6(1).0009

摘要

有鑑於國內外冒險遊憩活動發展之迅速，在國外有數位學者嚐試建構冒險遊憩之模式，大多數研究者仍著重於變項之間的相關、差異，人口統計變項在參與行為上差異等，在研究上較少運用因果模式來驗證冒險遊憩模式，或是發展對冒險遊憩行為具解釋能力的理論模式。因此建構並驗證冒險遊憩參與行為模式，對冒險遊憩研究者建構冒險遊憩之理論，及冒險遊憩活動的規劃及推廣者，及投入冒險遊憩之參與者有其重要性。本研究之目的主要在驗證登山冒險遊憩持續涉入之模式，以張孝銘(2006)冒險遊憩模式為基礎，再參酌McIntyre(1989)與Schuett(1993)所提持續涉入程度，將其模式延伸並設計研究變項，包括參與動機、風險認知與決策，從事體驗，參與結果評估、參與後感受正面影響以及持續涉入等變項，以探討登山冒險遊憩持續涉入之模式。本研究採問卷調查方式，以台中縣和平鄉鳶嘴山登山遊客為對象，於2007年於鳶嘴山頂採便利抽樣法進行調查，共獲得有效問卷213份，應用SPSS 12.0 for Windows以及AMOS 5.0 for Windows等套裝軟體進行統計分析，經研究結果顯示：「參與動機」會正向影響「風險認知與決策」；「風險認知與決策」會正向影響「從事體驗」；「從事體驗」會正向影響「正面影響」；而「正面影響」會正向影響「持續涉入」。本模式可以解釋並說明遊客登山冒險遊憩持續涉入模式。

關鍵字

冒險遊憩 ； 持續涉入 ； 登山

並列摘要

Due to the rapid development of both foreign and domestic adventuresome recreational activities, several scholars outside Taiwan have attempted to construct models of such activities. Most of these models focus on the correlations and differences among the variables and the differences in demographic statistics for participatory behaviors but rarely validate the models by cause-and-effect or develop theoretical models with explanatory capacities for adventuresome recreational behaviors. Thus, it is important to construct and validate a participatory behavior model for researchers, innovators, activity planners and promoters as well as participants in adventuresome recreation. Hence, the main contribution of this research is to construct and validate an enduring involvement model of adventuresome recreational mountain hiking. This study is based on Chang's (2003) adventuresome recreation model and follows the degree of enduring involvement suggested by McIntyre (1989) and Schuett (1993). Thus, we extended the aforementioned model and identified the following research variables to study adventuresome recreational mountain hiking: (1) motives for participation, (2) risk cognition, (3) decision-making, (4) experience, (5) assessment of the results of participation, (6) positive influence of the emotions after participation and (7) enduring involvement. In this research, a questionnaire was used to conveniently survey mountain hikers by onsite sampling atop Yuanze Mountain (2007), Hoping Township, Taichung County, Taiwan. Two hundred thirteen valid questionnaires were returned. The data were analyzed with SPSS 12.0 and AMOS 5.0 for Windows. The result demonstrates an entirely positive chain reaction wherein motives for participation influence risk cognition and decision-making, which influence the experience, which influences the positive affect, which influences enduring involvement. Thus, the model developed in this research can both describe and elaborate on the enduring involvement of mountain hikers in adventuresome recreational activities.

並列關鍵字

adventuresome recreation ； enduring involvement ； mountain hiking

參考文獻

交通部觀光局(1997)。台灣潛在生態觀光及冒險旅遊產品研究與調查。台北市:中華民國戶外遊憩學會。

中華民國94年國人旅遊狀況調查報告

朱笠瑄(2003)。東北角海岸攀岩冒險遊憩活動之研究。朝陽科技大學休閒事業管理研究所。

馬上鈞(2002)。休閒效益與生活壓力關係之研究－以高雄地區郊山登山者為例。國立體育學院體育研究所。

張孝銘()。