臺灣牙醫診所放射線設備及攝影技術之調查

Investigation into Radiographic Equipment and Imaging Techniques of Dental Clinics in Taiwan

陳木熊(Mu-Hsiung Chen) ； 高誌廷(Chih-Ting Kao) ； 茅美貞(Men-Chen Mao) ； 林淑琦(Shu-Chi Lin) ； 戴美華(Mei- Hua Tai) ； 徐春仕(Chun-Shih Hsu)

《台灣應用輻射與同位素雜誌》 14卷4期 (2018/12) Pp. 1647-1652

摘要

放射線攝影是牙科重要的診斷工具之一。雖然牙科患者所接受的輻射線劑量較低，但如果因設備或攝影技術選擇不適當而曝露於過高的照射條件，可能造成不必要的輻射曝露。因此，輻射防護的三大原則－正當化(justification)、最適化(optimization)和限制化(limitation)對於牙醫師來說是一個重要的議題。這項研究蒐集國內335位開業牙醫師所使用之放射線設備及放射線攝影技術之數據。調查結果顯示，有8.4%的牙醫師使用長方形準直儀(rectangular collimation)、12.2%牙醫師使用長錐體(long cone)。口內放射線攝影中，有19.4%的牙醫師使用平行法技術(paralleling technique)。國內開業的牙醫師對於降低病患輻射劑量的做法並不令人滿意，大多數牙醫師沒有選擇合適的設備和攝影技術，造成患者在牙科放射線攝影時接受不必要的輻射曝露。未來，應將牙科的輻射防護列為專業教育的必要課程，讓牙醫師充分了解有關輻射安全知識和更新放射線儀器設備的可行性，如果可以說服更多的牙醫師使用長方形準直儀、長錐體及以平行法攝影技術，除了提升影像品質外也將會大幅度降低病患輻射劑量。

關鍵字

輻射防護 ； 牙醫師 ； 長方形準直儀 ； 長錐體 ； 平行法技術

並列摘要

Radiographic imaging is one of the important diagnostic tools in clinical dentistry. Although dental patients receive relatively lower radiation dose, there might still be unnecessary exposure if the practitioners choose inappropriate equipment or radiographic imaging techniques. Therefore, the three guiding principles in radiation protection-justification, optimization and limitation, are crucial issues to dentists. This research collected data about the radiographic equipment and imaging techniques used by 335 dentists owning dental clinics in Taiwan. The outcome of investigation revealed that 8.4% of the dentists used rectangular collimation, 12.2% of them used long cones, and 19.4% of them used paralleling technique in intraoral radiography. Most of the investigated dentists didn’t choose these proper equipment and techniques to reduce the radiation dose received by patients, resulting in unnecessary radiation exposure to them, which is unsatisfying. In the future, dental radiation protection education should be included in obligatory professional courses, in order to fully inform the dentists about radiation safety knowledge and the availability of renewing radiographic equipment. If more dentists are convinced to use rectangular collimation, long cone and paralleling technique in dental radiography, not only the image quality will be improved, but the radiation dose received by patients will also decrease significantly.

並列關鍵字

Radiation Protection ； Dentists ； Rectangular Collimation ； Long Cone ； Paralleling Technique