利用酒廠污泥吸附水中鎳之研究

Removal of Nickel from Aqueous Solution Using Wine Processing Waste Sludge

黃淑珊(Shu-Shan Huang) ； 楊閎智(Hung-Chih Yaug) ； 許凱博(Kai-Bo Chiu) ； 鄭志偉(Chin-Wei Chen) ； 蔡哲維(Che-Wei Tsai) ； 劉鎮宗(Cheng-Chung Liu)

《國立宜蘭大學工程學刊》 2期 (2006/02) Pp. 49-62

https://doi.org/10.6176/BCE.2006.02.15

摘要

Wine processing waste sludge (WPWS) has been shown to be an effective sorbent for sorption of some heavy metals (i.e., lead, chromium), but the sorption mechanism of heavy metal by WPWS is remained obscured. The objective of this study was to explore the sorption mechanism of WPWS for heavy metals using nickel (Ni) as sorbates. The WPWS has been characterized with wet chemistry, infrared (IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), 13C magic angle nuclear magnetic resonance (13C NMR), and energy dispersive spectroscopic (EDS) of chemical analyses. The sludge contained high organic carbon (40.5%), nitrogen (23.4%) and cation-exchange capacity (CEC, 1218 cmolc kg^(-1)). The SEM investigation showed the rough surface for WPWS. From IR analysis of WPWS revealed that R-NH2 and R-COOH were the major functional groups. The proportion of organic functional groups in WPWS quantified by 13C NMR analysis was in the order: alkyl-C ＞ carboxyl-C ＞ N-alkyl-C ＞ aromatic-C ＞ O-alkyl-C ＞ acetal-C ＞ phenolic-C. The parameters affecting on the sorption of Ni were pH, the initial concentration of Ni, particle size of WPWS and reaction temperature. The determined point of zero charge of WPWS was about 6.0. The WPWS sorption isotherms of Ni are only well described by the Langmuir sorption isotherm. A pseudo-second-order sorption kinetic model describes successfully the kinetics of sorption of Ni onto WPWS at different operation parameters (i.e., pH, initial Ni concentration, and particle size). Under the steady-state reaction conditions, the Gibb free energy (ΔG°) ranges from –18.969 to –23.616 kJ mol^(-1), and the ΔHo and ΔS° are 3.366 kJ mol^(-1) and 6.056 J mol^(-1) K^(-1), respectively, indicating that higher temperature favors spontaneous reaction for Ni sorption by WPWS. According to the thermodynamic sorption parameters under steady-state conditions, this sorption is a spontaneous and endothermic reaction. The sorption mechanisms include physical adsorption. Amino and carboxyl groups are the prominent functional groups interacting with Ni. The sorption capacity is influenced by parameters such as pH, initial Ni concentration, temperature, and particle size of WPWS. The diffusion of Ni inner WPWS particle increased with the rise of temperatures and initial concentrations, but increased with decreasing in particle sizes of WPWS.

關鍵字

活化能 ； 鎳 ； 零電位點 ； 污泥

並列摘要

Wine processing waste sludge (WPWS) has been shown to be an effective sorbent for sorption of some heavy metals (i.e., lead, chromium), but the sorption mechanism of heavy metal by WPWS is remained obscured. The objective of this study was to explore the sorption mechanism of WPWS for heavy metals using nickel (Ni) as sorbates. The WPWS has been characterized with wet chemistry, infrared (IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), 13C magic angle nuclear magnetic resonance (13C NMR), and energy dispersive spectroscopic (EDS) of chemical analyses. The sludge contained high organic carbon (40.5%), nitrogen (23.4%) and cation-exchange capacity (CEC, 1218 cmolc kg^(-1)). The SEM investigation showed the rough surface for WPWS. From IR analysis of WPWS revealed that R-NH2 and R-COOH were the major functional groups. The proportion of organic functional groups in WPWS quantified by 13C NMR analysis was in the order: alkyl-C ＞ carboxyl-C ＞ N-alkyl-C ＞ aromatic-C ＞ O-alkyl-C ＞ acetal-C ＞ phenolic-C. The parameters affecting on the sorption of Ni were pH, the initial concentration of Ni, particle size of WPWS and reaction temperature. The determined point of zero charge of WPWS was about 6.0. The WPWS sorption isotherms of Ni are only well described by the Langmuir sorption isotherm. A pseudo-second-order sorption kinetic model describes successfully the kinetics of sorption of Ni onto WPWS at different operation parameters (i.e., pH, initial Ni concentration, and particle size). Under the steady-state reaction conditions, the Gibb free energy (ΔG°) ranges from –18.969 to –23.616 kJ mol^(-1), and the ΔHo and ΔS° are 3.366 kJ mol^(-1) and 6.056 J mol^(-1) K^(-1), respectively, indicating that higher temperature favors spontaneous reaction for Ni sorption by WPWS. According to the thermodynamic sorption parameters under steady-state conditions, this sorption is a spontaneous and endothermic reaction. The sorption mechanisms include physical adsorption. Amino and carboxyl groups are the prominent functional groups interacting with Ni. The sorption capacity is influenced by parameters such as pH, initial Ni concentration, temperature, and particle size of WPWS. The diffusion of Ni inner WPWS particle increased with the rise of temperatures and initial concentrations, but increased with decreasing in particle sizes of WPWS.

並列關鍵字

activated energy ； Nickel ； pHpzc ； sludge