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數位時代下的中國大陸手機電視規格轉換

The Mobile TV Specifications Conversion of the Digital Era in China

摘要


所謂的行動多媒體廣播(Mobile Multimedia Broadcasting)係指通過移動廣播電視衛星或無線廣播電視覆蓋網,向包括手機、PDA等多種小尺寸螢幕便攜式終端提供多媒體廣播服務。其主要特徵在於滿足傳播數據、語音業務及影音節目,讓網際網路、廣播電視網以及電信網得以「三網融合(Convergence)」。在此環節裡,近來中國大陸特別致力於技術、營運和政府監管的融合,其中手機電視(Mobile TV)的運用成為箇中最受矚目的焦點。中國手機電視在發展之初,受到世界各國在中國「佔地為王」。與此同時,為免中國大陸手機電視的規格為外國經濟勢力所趁,2006年4月,中共緊急叫停全國各地的手機電視試驗,並頒佈DAB/DMB數字音頻廣播行業標準,在北京、上海、廣東三地進行移動多媒體的試點工作。同年10月24日,隨即推出以廣播科學院STiMi信道協議為核心傳輸技術的CMMB移動多媒體廣播行業標準,顯示中共對於移動多媒體的新媒體戰略佈局,正有計畫地逐步推動,甚至中共還推出所謂「自主創新的手機電視標準STiMi」,透過規格轉換企圖鞏固此一新媒體市場,完善相關傳輸技術,並進而確立其監控訊息的產製內容。若從全球化的角度思考,全球化的力量可能造成滿意或不滿(content and discontent)、配合與抗拒(accommodation and resistance)、整合與分裂(integration and fragmentation),及由上而下或由下而上(from above and from below)的「雙重變動」。這些矛盾現象的出現,正源於「全球化」與「在地化」(localization)的訐抗。過去,「全球化」經常被視為「全球一體化」,更加深其與「在地化」之間的緊張關係(江啟臣,2003:275;江啟臣、范凱云,2007:16)。準此以降,本研究主要核心是目前在中國大陸商用最為廣泛的CMMB系統,同時並透過全球在地化的耙梳,探討中國大陸在手機電視發展時,所衍生的各種問題。

並列摘要


Mobile multimedia broadcasting system can provide multimedia broadcasting services from both satellite and terrestrial broadcasting models to mobile terminals such as mobile phone, PDA and other small-screen handheld terminals. The triple play is defined by combining with Internet, radio, television and telecommunication by sending multimedia like data casting, audio and video program to meet user's needs. China is planning to launch its standard in technologies, operation and regulatory requirements. Among them, mobile TV is one of the most promising media. With the development of China mobile TV from its initial stages there already existed four prevalent formats mobile TV all over the world known as DVB-H, DMB, OneSeg and MediaFLO. In April 2006, the CPC aborted the project instead promulgated DAB / DMB digital audio broadcasting standards for pilot trails in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangdong. On October 24 of the same year, the Chinese Academy of Broadcasting Science introduced the broadcasting channel STiMi agreement as CMMB core transmission technology. Furthermore the Communist China has also launched the ”independent innovation of the mobile TV standard for STiMi, which was one of the advanced transmission technology to operate smoothly and was able to identify its content production. From the perspective of globalization, there is a misconception about globalization. The problem and contradiction between globalization and localization result in content and discontent, accommodation and resistance, integration and fragmentation, and from above and from below. This study is using the China commercial CMMB system through the glocalization to explore many different kind of issues regarding the mobile TV development in China.

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