- 期刊
世界級優秀男子鏈球運動員的體格與旋轉時間、旋轉速度、鏈球路徑之研究
A study on the physical characteristics, rotational time, rotational speed, and hammer path of world-class elite male hammer throw athletes
摘要
本研究目的主要在探討優秀男子鏈球運動員的體格與旋轉過程中的時間、速度與鏈球路徑參數之情形。本研究運用文獻資料蒐集法，蒐集三屆世界田徑錦標賽優秀男子鏈球運動員，作為研究對象，分別是2009年的前8名、2011年的前8名、以及2017年的前12名，共計28名優秀男子鏈球運動員的運動學參數，進行描述性統計分析。研究結果如下：（一）優秀男子鏈球運動員的體格選材，本研究發現要達到79公尺以上世界前12名水準，身高至少要187公分，體重107公斤。（二）由研究數據發現，整體上投擲成績較佳者的每一圈的旋轉速度都有較快的表現；以成績級距的方式分析，發現除77公尺這個級距旋轉較快外，成績較佳運動員在每一圈的旋轉速度，都明顯稍微較快。（三）由研究數據發現，整體上投擲成績較佳運動員的助擺增速較快；針對每一圈分析，發現成績較佳運動員的第一、二圈旋轉增速較慢，第四圈增速除81-80與76公尺級距明現較快外，成績較佳運動員旋轉增速稍微較快；從旋轉的總增速上來看，除了79公尺這個級距增速較慢外，其他無明顯差別。（四）由研究數據發現，在鏈球軌跡方面，世界優秀男子鏈球運動員的鏈球路徑數據，經本研究的分析後，發現各個運動員的每圈旋轉的鏈球路徑，無明顯差別。
並列摘要
The purpose of this study aims to investigate the physique of outstanding male athletes and the parameters of time, speed and hammer's path during the rotation. In this study, the literature collection method was adopted to collect the kinematic parameters of 28 male athletes from three World Athletics Championships, including the top 8 athletes in 2009, the top 8 in 2011 and the top 12 in 2017; the results of the descriptive statistics were then analyzed. The results of the study are as follows:(a) For the physique of outstanding male hammer athletes, the present study found that in order to reach the top 12 in the world-level competition and/or exceed 79 meters in distance, the height of athletes should be at least 187 cm and the body weight should be 107 kg.(b) From the data of the study, it was found that, on the whole, those who had better throw results had faster rotation speeds in each turn. Analyzing the results in terms of grade, it was found that, except for the grade of 77m, the rotation speeds of those athletes with better results in each turn were obviously slightly faster.(c) From the data it was found that athletes with better results in throwing have a faster acceleration in swing; the presented study analyzed each rotation and found that athletes with better results have a slower rate of acceleration in the first and second rotation, as well as athletes with better results have a little faster acceleration in the fourth rotation (except 81-80 and 76-meter-throwers); in terms of the total speed of rotation, there is no significant difference among others, except for 79-meter-throwers which obtain slower increase.(d) About hammer trajectory, after data analysis of the world's best male hammer athletes, the present study discovered no significant difference in the diameter of the hammer of each athlete's rotation per turn.