日本的南太平洋政策

Japan's South Pacific Policy

李明峻(Ming-Juinn Li)

《台灣國際研究季刊》 3卷3期 (2007/09) Pp. 111-134

摘要

自明治維新以來，日本一向號稱「海洋立國」，自20世紀以後，當然更加重視太平洋地區，二次大戰時將其勢力插入南太平洋地區，目前顯然進一步希望將此一地區做爲其國家的後院。 近年來新崛起的中國試圖將外交觸角向南太平洋地區延伸。換言之，中國過去將國際組織看成是美國與西方國家圍堵中國的設計，但自1990年代中期開始，中國亦改變其傳統對多邊主義負面看法，轉而積極參與東協區域論壇等多邊機制以化解西方圍堵，或增加其國際影響力或刻意凸顯中美共治東亞的局面，甚至進而企圖透過多邊國際組織構建反美聯合陣線，「東協加一」與東亞經濟高峰會議即爲最明顯事例，或以地主國身份創建多邊國際組織，來營造對其有利的國際環境，如於1996年籌設上海五國組織、2002年成立博鼇亞洲論壇、2003年主辦六方會談等。中國的戰略用意亦是將南太平洋作爲其後院，爭取自己在這一地區的主導地位。此點顯示中日在此一地區的政經利益競爭正方興未艾。 本文旨在透過對日本的南太平洋政策的介紹與檢討，凸顯南太平洋地區的重要性，藉此促使我國重視南太平洋地區，並爲我國的南太平洋政策提供參考。

關鍵字

日本 ； 南太平洋 ； 援助 ； 澳紐 ； 戰略

並列摘要

Ever since the Meiji Restoration Japan has seen itself as an ”Ocean State”, and has naturally placed ever more important on the Pacific region in the 20(superscript th) century. During the Second World War it had extended its power to the South Pacific Region, clearing hoping to further turn this region into its national backyard.
China has played a greater role in the international arena in recent years, and has been attempting to reach its diplomatic antenna to the South Pacific region. Since mid-1990 however, China has changed its previously negative view of multilateralism, and has instead begun to actively participate in such multilateral forums as the ASEAN Regional Forum, so as to neutralize western blockage, or to enhance its international influence or deliberately highlight joint ruling of Eastern Asia by China and the U.S. China's strategy is also to use the South Pacific region as its backyard and gain a controlling position in this region. These factors demonstrate that the competition between Japan and China for political and economic interests in this region is only just starting.
Through describing and examining Japan's South Pacific policies, this article seeks to highlight the importance of the South Pacific region and to urge Taiwan to place greater emphasis on this region. It also hopes to provide some reference for Taiwan's own South Pacific policies.

並列關鍵字

Japan ； South Pacific ； Australian ； New Zealand ； strategy

參考文獻

PIF高峰會宣言

尤義彬(2006)。世界通史。台灣:漢宇出版社。

五百旗頭真(2006)。戰後日本外交。東京:有斐閣。

日本貿易振興会海外経済情報センター()。

日・豪・ニュージーランド協会編(2007)。21世紀における南太平洋島嶼諸の政治經濟的展望。東京:日?豪?????????協?。