- 期刊
所得不均度對二氧化碳排放減量承諾的影響－對後京都的啟示
Impacts of Income Inequality on the Emission Reduction Commitments of Carbon Dioxide: Post Kyoto Implication
摘要
本文除考量以所得水準爲CO2減量承諾標準外，亦納入所得不均度，觀察已簽署承諾減量及尚未簽署的印度、中國、南韓與台灣，在考量所得不均度及所得水準後，目前所有簽署國減量比例的變動。而實證對象爲結合橫跨52個國家1990至2003年之資料。 結果顯示，納入中國、印度、南韓與台灣在重分配的行列，台灣可能由目前平均的5.2%減量比例提高爲6.19%，或由0.00%增加至0.99%。進而，在此重分配原則下，可以達成的CO2總排放減量，將大於原來只以所得水準爲考量的減量分配準則。此乃顯示同時考量所得水準與所得不均度對CO2排放減量比例之擬訂，有助於加速全世界CO2排放減重目標的達成。
並列摘要
To design an appropriate allocation criterion for CO2 emission reduction commitments, this paper not only accounts for the level of income but also the income inequality of the country. Data of 52 countries in 1990-2003, including 32 committed emission reduction countries in Annex B of Kyoto Protocol and four non-committed emission countries, i.e. Taiwan, South Korea, China, and India, are employed for analyses. The results demonstrate that the reduction percentage for Taiwan will increase from the current world average of 5.2% to 6.9% or from 0.0% to 0.99%. The total CO2 emission reductions that the current reduction commitment countries generate are higher than those without these four countries as long as the income inequality is taken into account. The accomplishment of the CO2 emission reductions of the world is thus much easier to achieve while income inequality is accounted for.