以色列國防軍與中東安全

1948年5月14日，猶太人回到巴勒斯坦地區獨立建國－以色列，隨即在不到24小時內遭到埃及、約旦、敘利亞和伊拉克大舉軍事入侵，爆發「以色列獨立戰爭」。當時新成立且裝備不足的國防軍歷經15個月的戰鬥，終於贏得勝利。但是，戰後以色列不允許阿拉伯難民回到巴勒斯坦地區，導致日後以色列與阿拉伯國家以及巴勒斯坦解放組織之間衝突不斷，中東地區安全飽受戰爭威脅。歷史上的中東戰爭過程中，以色列國防軍扮演了舉足輕重的角色，國防軍也堪稱是世界上作戰經驗相當豐富的軍隊，建軍後60年間歷經5次主要的中東戰爭。21世紀以來，國防軍採取「戰略守勢、戰術攻勢」的作戰準則，不再尋求對外政治擴張，為中東和平之路釋出了善意。

關鍵字

國防軍；中東戰爭；獨立戰爭；兵役法

並列摘要

Israel achieved its independence with its rebirth as a nation in the area of Palestine on May 14, 1948. Within 24 hours, Israel was invaded by the armies of Egypt, Jordan, Syria and Iraq, which was the beginning of ”Israel's War of Independence.” After fighting for 15 months, the badly-equipped and newly-established Israel Defense Forces finally won the victory. However, the return of Arab refugees was forbidden by Israel, it led to continuous conflicts among Israel, Arab countries and Palestine Liberation Organization, the security of the Middle East area was threatened by wars. In the history of Middle East wars, Israel Defense Forces has played a crucial role. It is the most experienced army in the world, which has experienced 5 major Middle East wars within 60 years since its establishment. From the 21st Century, Israel Defense Forces has started applying ”at the strategic level is defensive, while its tactics are offensive” as IDF's doctrine, no longer seeking the expansion of political dominance, which expresses a positive attitude toward the Middle East peace.

並列關鍵字

Israel Defense Forces ； Middle East War ； Israel's War of Independence ； Military Service Law

參考文獻

Ben-Ari, Bar. 2007. “A Woman of Valor.” (http://dover.idf.il/IDF/English/News/Up_Close/2007/08/0101.htm) (2011/8/27).

Google Scholar

Central Intelligence Agency (CIA). 2010. “Israel: Military service age and obligation.”(https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/is.html)(2011/8/27).

Google Scholar

Central Intelligence Agency (CIA). 2011. “Middle East: Israel.” (https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/maps/maptemplate_is.html) (2011/8/27).