南蒙古自由運動的發展及其主張

「南蒙古」是中華人民共和國境內蒙古民族自由運動的共同符號，這一概念的提出，表彰著蒙古民族的主體性，因為「內蒙古」一詞是他稱，是基於中國的地理距離觀點。相對於西藏和維吾爾民族自由運動，南蒙古民族自由運動的組織和動員能力相對比較薄弱，但南蒙古的民族問題在國際社會上，也往往作為中國民族問題的個案而與西藏和維吾爾問題受到相提並論，更因為同為受到中華人民共和國壓迫的人民，南蒙古運動在台灣民間能夠找到同情和支持的力量，台灣的自由言論環境，也就成為南蒙古運動向全球華人社會爭取認識和理解的最佳發聲平台。本文是作者基於多年與南蒙古自由運動工作者接觸與交往所累積的感情，對於南蒙古自由運動的發展和主張的觀察和紀錄。這樣的主題，在中文世界，恐怕也只有台灣可以自由地研究和忠實地呈現。

關鍵字

內蒙古；南蒙古；民族自決；民族區域自治；民族同化

並列摘要

＂Southern Mongolia＂ is the common symbol of the Mongolian national freedom movement in the People's Republic of China. The concept reflects the subjectivity of the Mongolian nation, as the term ＂Inner Mongolia＂ is symbolizes the identity based on China's point of view of geographical distance. Compared with Tibetan and Uyghurs, the Southern Mongolian National Freedom Movement is relatively weak, particularly with respect to the capabilities of organization and mobilization. However, in the international community, the ethnic issue in southern Mongolia has often been taken as a case study of China's ethnic issues and often been compared with the cases of Tibetan Freedom Movement and Uyghurs Freedom Movement. The reason is that Tibetan, Uyghurs and Mongolian are also the people oppressed by the People's Republic of China. Moreover, the Southern Mongolian Movement may be able to seek sympathy and support among the civil society in Taiwan. Taiwan's free speech environment has become the best platform for Mongolian to voice the Southern Mongolian National Freedom Movement to gain knowledge and understanding among global Chinese communities. This article is based on the author's observations and records of the development and claims of the Southern Mongolian Freedom Movement by the author's affection accumulated from contacts and exchanges with the workers of the South Mongolian Freedom Movement over years. Taiwan may be the only place where this topic can be freely studied and faithfully presented in public.