當代泰國政黨政治與「塔克辛政黨」的興衰

泰國屬於極端多黨制國家，政黨勢力碎裂化十分嚴重。自1932年泰國成爲君主立憲至國家以來，一直到了2001年塔克辛所領導的泰愛泰黨才創下泰國史上首次以一黨之姿贏得過半數國會議席的紀錄。2004年泰愛泰黨更贏得3/4國會議席，塔克辛成爲泰國史上唯一成功連選連任的總理。在2006年之後，親塔克辛的人民力量黨以及爲泰黨分別在2007年及2011年繼續贏得選舉。本文將泰愛泰黨、人民力量黨、爲泰黨統稱爲「塔克辛政黨」。本文旨在探討當代泰國政黨的歷史發展，進而解釋造成「塔克辛政黨」興衰的因素。

關鍵字

塔克辛；一黨獨大；泰愛泰黨；人民力量黨；爲泰黨

並列摘要

Thailand is an extremely multi-party system, and the degree of fragmentation of the political parties is very high. Since Thailand transformed into a constitutional monarchy in 1932, it was not until 2001 that Thaksin Shinawatra's Thai Rak Thai party created the record of winning more than half of seats in the parliament as a single party for the first time in the Thai history. In 2004, the Thai Rak Thai party won three-quarters of the parliament, and Thaksin became the first person in Thai history to successfully serve as prime minister for two consecutive terms. After 2006, the pro-Thaksin People's Power Party and Pheu Thai Party continued to win the 2007 and 2011 elections respectively. In this article, we refer to the Thai Rak Thai Party, the People's Power Party, and the Phue Thai party as the ＂Thaksin Shinawatra's Party＂ (TSP). This article aims to explore the historical development of the political parties in the contemporary Thailand, and then explain the factors that lead to the rise and fall of the ＂Thaksin Shinawatra's Party.＂

並列關鍵字

Thaksin Shinawatra's Party ； Phak Thai Rak Thai ； People's Power Party ； Phak Phuea Thai

參考文獻

Croissant, Aurel. 2007. “Electoral Reform and Party Systems in East Asia Democracies: A Comparative Analysis with Implications for Thailand.” (https://library.fes.de/pdf-files/bueros/thailand/07041.pdf) (2021/11/11)

Google Scholar

Kuhonta, Erik Martinez, and Alex M. Mutebi. 2006. “Thaksin Triumphant: The Implications of One-Party Dominance in Thailand.” Asian Affairs: An American Review, Vol. 33, No. 1, pp. 39-51.