社區中老年人身體組成異常盛行率及其相關因素之研究

目的：了解社區中老年人之身體組成（包括：身體質量指數BMI、體脂肪率、腰臀圍比、骨骼肌重、左／右上下肢及軀幹肌肉重）之異常盛行率並分析其與人口學、身體活動量、營養及慢性病等之相關因素。方法：本研究採橫斷式研究設計；研究對象為南投某銀髮族協會會員（共計451人），收案期間為2019年1月至3月，以立意取樣方式共得91位樣本，研究工具為自行編製之「健康生活紀錄表｣及InBody230身體組成分析儀器。結果：樣本平均年齡為65.6±6.7歲，以女性居多，佔56.04%；身體組成檢測結果發現異常盛行率之前三名為體脂肪率達64.8%；其次為腰臀圍比達62.6%；第三為身體質量指數（BMI）達40.7%；其他較低之身體組成異常盛行率分別為骨骼肌重達11.0%；左上肢肌肉重之異常盛行率4.4%，右上肢肌肉重3.3%，左下肢肌肉重14.3%，右下肢肌肉重12.1%，軀幹肌肉重3.3%。經複邏輯斯迴歸分析後發現，早餐未攝取蛋白質之族群BMI異常盛行率顯著高於早餐有攝取蛋白質2.7倍；遇到挫折時不會向他人傾訴者之BMI異常盛行率顯著高於偶爾會者5.8倍；罹患高血壓之族群BMI異常盛行率高於未罹患者4.4 倍；女性體脂肪率異常盛行率顯著高於男性4.2倍；早餐未攝取蛋白質之族群體脂肪率異常盛行率顯著高於早餐有攝取蛋白質2.9倍；女性腰臀圍比之異常盛行率顯著高於男性5.9倍；年齡每增加一歲左下肢肌肉重不足之異常盛行率增加了1.2倍；身體活動量與各項身體組成異常盛行率皆無關。結論：本研究發現，身體組成異常盛行率較高之項目共三項，分別為：體脂肪率、腰臀圍比及身體質量指數（BMI）。由於本研究採橫斷式研究設計且研究工具有回憶誤差之限制，故未能獲得身體活動量與身體組成異常率間之關係。

關鍵字

身體活動量及身體組成

並列摘要

Purpose. The purposes of this research were to study the prevalence of abnormal body composition (e.g., BMI, percentage of body fat, waist-hip ratio, skeletal muscle mass, skeletal muscle mass of trunk and bilateral upper limbs and lower limbs) and to analyze its related factors with demography, physical activity level, nutrition, and chronic diseases for middle age adults and elderly in the community. Method. A cross-sectional design was conducted. Participants were recruited via purposive sampling from an Elderly Association with 451 members in Nantou. A total of 91 subjects were recruited from January 2019 to March 2019. All subjects were examined by InBody230 and the healthy life record chart designed by investigators. Result. The average age of research samples was 65.6±6.7 years old and more than half of them were women (56.0%). The top three prevalence were abnormal percentage of body fat (64.8%), abnormal was waist-hip ratio (62.6%)and abnormal BMI (40.7%). The low prevalence of abnormal including abnormal skeletal muscle mass (11.0%), skeletal muscle mass of left upper limb (4.4%), skeletal muscle mass of right upper limb(3.3%), abnormal skeletal muscle mass of left lower limb (14.3%), skeletal muscle mass of right lower limb (12.1%), and skeletal muscle mass of trunk (3.3%). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the prevalence of abnormal BMI in the group without protein ingestion for breakfast was 2.7 times higher than the group with protein ingestion for breakfast; those who had negative attitude toward life was 5.8 times higher than positive attitude. The prevalence of abnormal BMI in the group of high blood pressure was 4.4 times higher than normal blood pressure. The prevalence of abnormal body fat mass in female was 4.2 times significantly higher than in male. The prevalence of abnormal body fat mass in the group without protein ingestion for breakfast was 2.9 times significantly higher than the group with protein ingestion for breakfast. The prevalence of abnormal waist-hip ratio in female was 5.9 times significantly higher than in male. The prevalence of abnormal skeletal muscle mass of left lower limb was increased by 1.2 times when the age increased a year. There was no correlation between body activity level and prevalence of abnormal body composition. Conclusions. There are three out of nine for high abnormal prevalence which including body fat, waist-hip ratio, BMI, and skeletal muscle mass. The results of no correlation between physical activity level and abnormal body compositions are due to limitations of cross-sectional design and recall bias for data collections.

並列關鍵字

physical activity level and body composition

參考文獻

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社區中老年人身體組成異常盛行率及其相關因素之研究

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