試論新型冠狀病毒（COVID-19）社區感染防治機制面臨的問題與可行的回應對策

A Study on the Problems of the Community Infection Prevention and Controlling Mechanism and Feasible Countermeasures Caused by the New Coronavirus (COVID-19)

柯雨瑞(J. R. Ko) ； 鐘太宏(T. H. Chung) ； 黃翠紋(C. W. Huang)

《危機管理學刊》 18卷2期 (2021/09) Pp. 49-62

https://doi.org/10.6459/JCM.202109_18(2).0005

摘要

根據世界即時統計數據網站「worldometers」統計，截至2021年7月22日止，全球的新冠肺炎確診人數已達192,974,202人，死亡人數為4,145,502人。回顧2019年底新冠肺炎自中國武漢市爆發後，迅速在全球蔓延開來，2020年夏季情況雖有趨緩，但在秋冬又掀起第二波疫情，因此造成全球新冠肺炎死亡人數與確診人數截至目前為止，仍然繼續在攀升，而實際數據恐怕會比官方的統計還高。各國除致力於研發疫苗治本外，治標方面亦不餘遺力的透過各式各樣手段與政策要將疫情擋在國境之外；我國雖然在防疫成效上比起其他國家似乎為佳，但亦有數例確診者找不到傳染源的現象，因此本文將針對新型冠狀病毒（COVID-19）「社區感染」防治機制面臨的一系列問題作探討，不論從是否應採行全民普篩與檢測效能的爭議？居家檢疫、居家隔離、自主健康管理之監督手段的效率與合適性，以及國內疫苗研發或自國外引進的時效與技術的檢視，甚至近期又爆發院內感染後對防疫機制的再次檢討等，針對上述面臨的相關問題提出可行的回應對策，俾供政府與民間團體、組織、個人參考之用。

關鍵字

新冠肺炎 ； 社區感染 ； 全民普篩 ； 居家檢疫 ； 居家隔離 ； 自主健康管理 ； 院內感染

並列摘要

According to the report by Aljazeera, after the outbreaking of the new crown pneumonia in Wuhan, China at the end of 2019, the COVID-19 has spreaded rapidly around the world. Although the COVID-19 infection situation has slowed down significantly in the summer of 2020, the second wave of COVID-19 epidemics has ignited in the autumn and winter. The death toll caused by the global new crown pneumonia has exceeded the 4.14 million mark, and the number of confirmed cases is close to 193 million, but the actual data may be higher than the official statistics.[1] In addition to devoting efforts to develop vaccines to cure the COVID-19 root cause, various countries have also spared no effort to prevent the COVID-19 epidemic through various methods and policies. Although Taiwan seems to be better than other countries in terms of COVID-19 epidemic prevention and controlling effectiveness, however, there are also several cases where the sources of infection cannot be found for the confirmed cases. Therefore, this article has discussed a series of problems faced by the new coronavirus (COVID-19) ＂community infection＂ prevention and controlling mechanism, such as whether universal screening on the border line should be adopted or not . This article also has discussed and probed the controversies , problems with COVID-19 testing efficiency, and the efficiency and suitability of the monitoring methods of home quarantine, home isolation, and independent health management, as well as the inspection of the timeliness and technology of domestic vaccine research and development, and even the recent outbreaking of nosocomial infection, in or der to execute the Re-examination for preventionand controlling mechanism, etc. This paper also has put forward several feasible response countermeasures and recommendations for the references of the government , civil organizations, individuals,and this society.

並列關鍵字

New Crown Pneumonia ； Community Infection ； Universal Screening ； Home Quarantine ； Home Isolation ； Independent Health Management ； Nosocomial Infection

參考文獻

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王芊凌 (2020). “武漢肺炎／柯文哲：社區感染遲早會發生！社區感染 vs 社區傳播差在哪？” 2021 年 3 月 5 日 , 取自https://heho.com.tw/archives/691853.

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中央通訊社 (2021). “台灣為什麼不買中國疫苗？指揮中心 QA 一次看,” 2021 年 3 月 11 日, 取自 https://www.cna.com.tw/news/firstnews/ 202101275008.aspx

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