運動員應有的情緒認知－以“認知治療法”的觀點探究

Emotional Cognition of Athletes-Research in View of Cognitive Therapy

王秋燕(Chiu-Yen Wang)

《運動知識學報》 5期 (2008/09) Pp. 91-101

https://doi.org/10.29596/BGYY.200809.0009

摘要

運動比賽中，除技術外，主導運動員成績或勝負的因素中，情緒是相當重要的因素，而情緒的發生和個人內在的認知可能存有很大的相關性。所以，本研究以「認知治療法」的情緒認知觀點作架構，主要動機是想了解運動員「情緒」和「認知」之間的關係。研究目的為：應用「認知治療法」的情緒認知觀點，重建運動員情緒認知模式，以建立運動員應有的「情緒認知」。研究後發現，以認知治療法的「核心信念」重建模式，結合「吸引力法則」與「儒家思想」中的轉化觀點，可以得到一些情緒轉化的認知模式，以幫助運動員建立應有的「情緒認知」。從本研究的探討中，歸納出運動員應有的情緒認知為：一積極自我正向管理－以「正向思想」取代「負向思想」；二、學習凡事正向思想，把握以“要”取代“不要”的正向轉移，自然思想構成行動，並導出正向力量，最後思想會變成實物；三、落實自我反省檢討－1，我要學習「見賢思齊，見不賢而內自省」的正向思想，在正向態度中學習；2.我要學習「聞過則喜」的正向思想，在不斷的喜悅中覺醒與進步；3.我要學習「犯而不校」的正向思想，以同理心與包容心面對一切。

關鍵字

情緒 ； 認知 ； 認知治療法 ； 吸引力法則

並列摘要

Besides personal skills, the emotional state of athletes is a key factor which determines the performance or result in sports games. Since the emotional state may be greatly interrelated to the inner cognition of the athletes, the main frame of this research lies in the view of emotional cognition applied in cognitive therapy and seeks to find out the relationship between the emotion and inner cognition of athletes. By applying the view of emotional cognition applied in cognitive therapy, this research purposes to help athletes to re-mold and re-build an appropriate pattern of emotional cognition. It is found that by re-molding cognitive pattern via the 'conflict-centered belief in cognitive therapy, together with the 'law of attraction' and the perspectives of transformation mentioned in Confucianism, the appropriate cognitive pattern of emotional transformation can be obtained, which will help athletes to build a positive emotional cognition. In this research, there arc three directions indicated to help build athletes' emotional cognition: 1. Governing oneself positively adopting positive thinking instead of negative thinking. 2. Applying positive thinking towards everything-shifting attention positively by replacing 'No' with 'Yes' and generating actions which contains a positive energy to substantiate the positive thinking. 3. Practicing introspection (the perspectives of transformation mentioned in Confucianism)-(1) Foster the perspective of 'following the example of the positive and introspecting by the reminding of the negative' to learn positively. (2) Learn to be modest with the attitude of 'being glad to accept comment from others' and become awakened and progress ceaselessly with joy. (3) Broaden the inner capacity with the attitude of 'remaining stable while being offended' and face everything with empathy and acceptance.

並列關鍵字

emotion ； cognition ； cognitive therapy ； law of attraction