足球運動員踝關節傷害之探討

Explore the Soccer Player's Ankle Injury

鄭景文(Ching-Wen Jeng) ； 李惠芳(Hui-Fang Lee) ； 邱玉惠(Yu-Hui Chiu)

《運動知識學報》 11期 (2014/07) Pp. 57-68

摘要

足球運動員使用腳的頻率高於其他運動員，而踝關節傷害更是足球運動員最常的運動傷害。踝關節傷害除了有大量的醫療、復健、輔具使用等成本消耗外，對於運動員因受傷而遠離練習或競賽的時間，以及受傷後對運動表現的影響，都是踝關節傷害後常被探討的負面影響。了解踝關節傷害的危險因子將有助於預防踝關節傷害及其負面結果的發生。本文探討踝關節的構造和常見的傷害型態，以及踝關節傷害的成因和預防的機制，研究者發現腳踝扭傷為足球運動員最常見的踝部運動傷害，其中又以韌帶扭傷最多。造成踝關節傷害的成因則包括外因性與內生性危險因子；而過重、慣用腳、平衡表現不佳及腳踝扭傷病史都是運動員發生扭傷的內生性顯著危險因子。為了要預防發生踝關節的運動傷害，除了要加強運動前的熱身及運動中的保護措施，平時應有適度的肌力訓練及伸展運動，以強化本體感覺維持良好的平衡控制。

關鍵字

足球運動 ； 運動傷害 ； 足球員 ； 踝關節

並列摘要

Frequency use of the foot of soccer player higher than other athletes, but ankle injury is most frequently encountered soccer player sports injuries. Ankle injury in addition to a large number of medical, rehabilitation, assist devices and outdoor use, such as the cost of consumption, for the athlete because of injury time away from practice or competition, and the impact on athletic performance after an injury, they are often discussed after ankle injury negative impact. Learn ankle injury risk factors will help to prevent the occurrence of ankle injuries and negative results. This paper discusses the structure and common ankle injury patterns and causes of ankle injuries and prevention mechanisms, the researchers found that the ankle sprain is the most common ankle soccer player sports injuries, among which the ligament sprain most. The causes of ankle injuries include exogenous and endogenous risk factors; And overweight, habitually practice the foot, poor balance performance and a history of ankle sprains are athletes sprain occurred significantly endogenous risk factors. In order to prevent the occurrence of ankle injuries, in addition to strengthening the warm-up before exercise and sports in the protective measures should usually moderate strength training and stretching exercises to strengthen the body's balance control to maintain a good feeling.

並列關鍵字

soccer ； sports injuries ； soccer player ； ankle