幼兒睡眠品質與身體活動量之相關研究

The Relations between Sleep Quality and Physical Activity level in preschool Children

楊珮琦(Pei-Chi Yang) ； 黃永寬(Yung-Kuan Huang)

《運動知識學報》 14期 (2017/07) Pp. 109-123

摘要

幼兒之身心發展對於其日後之成長發育至關重要，而睡眠與身體活動更是幼兒日常生活之兩大重心，了解兩者之關聯性並兼顧之，對學齡前幼兒之發展將有正面意義。本研究以桃園市某2 所公立幼兒園之5 足歲幼兒為研究對象，採問卷調查法由家長協助填寫幼兒睡眠品質調查問卷並配合電子計步器測量幼兒身體活動量，以描述性統計來分析幼兒及主要照顧者基本資料、相關統計分析來了解幼兒各背景變項之關聯情形，推論統計部分採用多元迴歸分析來了解幼兒個人背景因素、睡眠習慣與幼兒家庭背景因素在幼兒整體睡眠品質及身體活動量上之關聯性。研究結果顯示: 1.幼兒上床睡覺時間越早、起床時間越早、夜間睡眠時數越長及睡眠中斷次數越少之幼兒其睡眠品質越佳。2.幼兒之主要照顧者教育程度越高、就寢時間越早則幼兒睡眠品質越佳。3.有吃早餐及夜間睡眠時數較長的幼兒其身體活動量較佳。4.經迴歸分析結果得知睡眠品質越高的幼兒，則顯示出較佳的身體活動量。可知學齡前幼兒之睡眠品質與其身體活動量呈現高度相關，幼兒睡眠時數出現普遍不足的現象。最後，據此結果，建議幼兒之主要照顧者及學前教師正視睡眠品質對幼兒身體活動量之影響，藉由提升幼兒睡眠品質來增進其身體活動量，使幼兒在各方面的成長、發育獲得充分的發展。

關鍵字

身體活動 ； 睡眠習慣 ； 電子計步器

並列摘要

A healthful physical and metal growth for children is predicated on their body and mind development, of which sleep and physical activities occupy significant roles. In light of this connection, understanding the association between sleep quality and physical activity in children is crucial for preschool children's development. Five-year old children from two public kindergartens in Taoyuan City participated in the current study, in which parents reported their child's sleep quality and pedometers were used to track children's physical activity levels. This study employs descriptive statistics to analyze background information for both children and their primary caregivers; utilizes Pearson product-moment correlation to investigate the relationship between variables; and applies multiple regression to examine whether children's personal background factors, sleep habits, and family background factors can predict children's overall sleep quality and physical activity levels. Results of this study indicate the followings: First, the earlier the children go to bed at night, the earlier they wake up in the morning, the longer they sleep in the night, and the less frequent their slumbers are disrupted, the better their sleep quality is. Second, the higher the educational level of the primary caregivers is, and the earlier the children's bedtime is, the better the children's sleep quality is. Third, higher physical activity levels were observed from children that tend to have breakfast and longer sleep during the night. Fourth, according to the result of multiple regression analysis, children's sleep quality positively predicted their physical activity levels. Demonstrations point that sleep quality and physical activity in preschool children are positively correlated. The situation that preschool children lack enough sleep exists. Finally, on the basis of abovementioned findings, recommendations are made for primary caregivers and preschool teachers. By enhancing children's sleep quality, it promotes children's physical activity and fully benefits the aspects of children's growth and development.

並列關鍵字

physical activity ； sleep habits ； pedometer