產業網路鑲嵌與網路動態性演化

The Embeddedmess of Industrial Network and Dynamic Evolution of Network

方世榮(Shyh-Rong Fang) ； 黃恆獎(Heng-Chiang Huang) ； 江季芸(Chi-Yun Chiang)

《關係管理研究》 1期 (2005/06) Pp. 43-83

https://doi.org/10.6781/RRM.200506.0043

摘要

在目前的產業社會下，經濟活動乃鑲嵌（embedded）在社會關係的結構之中。企業的經營活動受到許多因素影響，包括人員、組織機構、總體環境等，組織間因而形成了錯綜複雜的網絡結構。本文從網絡鑲嵌（network embeddedness）的觀點，說明組織間為何形成網絡，並以各種內生與外生鑲嵌機制解釋網絡成員之間的關係，以及網絡成員的網絡地位與網絡結構之發展型態。信任、合作績效及社會性控制機制等因素，皆可強化組織間的合作關係，並有助於產業網絡朝更穩固與綿密的方向發展。然而，若網絡內成員鑲嵌的程度太過緊密，將使其專注在網絡內部的特定合作活動，而較少與網絡外的其他組織接觸，因而侷限了組織對外拓展新關係的機會。故組織間在發展網絡關係時，亦需注意過度鑲嵌（over-embeddedness）之負面效果。本研究根據相關的論述發展研究命題，並提出網絡動態性演化之概念性架構，此將有助於網絡概念之釐清。

關鍵字

網絡鑲嵌 ； 內生鑲嵌機制 ； 外生鑲嵌機制

並列摘要

Economic action is embedded in structures of social relations, in modern industrial society. Business activities are affected by many factors such as people, institutions, and macroeconomics. These factors induce organizations that interact frequently to form a complicate industrial network. This paper interprets why organizations form industrial network from the network embeddedness perspectives, and demonstrates the network positions among organizations, and the development of network structures from endogenous and exogenous embeddedness mechanisms. Trust, cooperative performance, and social control mechanism are factors that could enhance interorganizational cooperation and would solidify the network structures. However, when organizations embed in a certain network too tightly, they may concentrate on that network's activities and ignore the new opportunities beyond the network. Therefore we also have to investigate the negative effects of over-embeddedness. This paper proposes related propositions and a conceptual research framework, it will contribute to the understanding of network study.

並列關鍵字

embeddedness ； endogenous embeddedness mechanisms ； exogenous embeddedness mechanisms