評析婦女乳房X光攝影與乳房自我檢查

最近國健局極力要提高婦女乳房X光攝影的篩選率，加上台灣婦女罹患乳癌的年齡比西方婦女早5~10歲，除了降低健保給付乳房X光攝影的年齡，局長邱淑堤也現身說法，表示一次乳房X光攝影的檢查比多年的乳房自我檢查更能查出乳房腫塊。雖然人為的自我檢查或由醫療人員檢查有時有誤，儀器生化檢查也一樣非百分之百正確，包括乳房X光攝影，假陰性和假陽性發生在東方婦女的機會可能更大。再說，一般女性45歲以後兩年照一次乳房X光攝影，45歲以前以及45歲以後的兩年之間，仍然必須靠著規律的乳房自我檢查去偵測乳房的變化。此外，乳房向我檢查和乳房X光攝影並沒有衝突，可以並行，多一種的檢查會增加乳癌早期發現的機會，因此乳房自我檢查在乳癌防治上仍然非常重要，醫護人員仍然應該繼續教導並鼓勵婦女定期乳房檢查。

關鍵字

婦女；乳房X光攝影；乳房自我檢查

並列摘要

The average age for detecting breast cancer in Taiwanese women is 5 to 10 years less than that in Western women. Because of this and the need to increase the rate of screening mammography, Taiwan's Bureau of National Health Insurance recently reduced the insurance coverage age for biennial mammography from 50 to 45. To promote mammography. Dr. Chiu, the president of the Bureau of National Health Insurance, even told the media that for her a single screening mammogram was more effective at finding breast tumor than many years of regular breast self-examination. Although breast tumors may be missed by breast self-exams and clinical breast exams, interpretation of mammograms is not foolproof either. Because of smaller breasts and a higher density of breast tissue, the false positive and false negative rates for mammography readings may be higher in Asian women than in Western women, who tend to be the subjects of most mammography research studies. Furthermore, since screening mammography begins at the age of 45, women below 45 still have to depend on breast self-exams and clinical breast exams to detect changes to their breasts. Even those older than 45 can benefit from breast self-exams between biennial mammography screening. The breast exam and the screening mammography are not mutually exclusive; any effective method of screening will increase the efficacy of breast cancer detection. Thus, nurses and health care providers should continue to provide breast cancer education and encourage women to practice breast self-examination regularly.

並列關鍵字

women ； mammography ； breast self-examination

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評析婦女乳房X光攝影與乳房自我檢查

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